张丽丽　常有宏　陈志谊等

摘要[目的]了解梨果实接种梨轮纹病原菌后的防御机制和生防菌的酶活作用机理。[方法]采用不同处理在梨果实上接种梨轮纹病原菌和喷施生防菌，测定其对梨果实抗氧化酶体系的影响。[结果]丙二醛（MDA）：生防菌处理对MDA含量变化影响不大，轮纹菌处理MDA含量48 h达到高峰值，为10.22 nmol/g，是对照的1.86倍，轮纹菌+生防菌处理MDA含量24 h达到高峰值，为8.92 nmol/g，是对照的1.62倍；超氧物歧化酶（SOD）：生防菌处理的SOD酶活值48 h达到高峰，为126.69 U/[g（FW）·min]，是对照的1.54倍，轮纹菌与轮纹菌+生防菌处理均在24 h出现活性高峰，酶活值分别为122.10和135.32 U/[g（FW）·min]，是对照的1.48和1.65倍；过氧化物酶（POD）：生防菌、轮纹菌、轮纹菌+生防菌处理的POD酶活均在24 h达到高峰值，分别为385.34、342.50、290.00 U/[g（FW）·min]，为对照的1.83、1.62、1.38倍；过氧化氢酶（CAT）：生防菌、轮纹菌、轮纹菌+生防菌处理的CAT酶活在6 h时均达到高峰值，分别为133.33、114.17和113.35 U/[g（FW）·min]，为对照的1.33、1.14和1.13倍；多酚氧化酶（PPO）：生防菌处理和对照差异不明显，轮纹菌处理酶活高峰出现在12 h，为81.86 U/[g（FW）·min]，为对照的1.76倍，轮纹菌+生防菌处理酶活高峰出现在24 h，为70.00 U/[g（FW）·min]，为对照的1.50倍。[结论]轮纹菌和轮纹菌+生防菌对MDA含量影响较大；轮纹菌及生防菌都能激发SOD酶活性的升高；接种轮纹菌及喷施生防菌都能激发POD酶活性的升高；轮纹菌及生防菌都能激发CAT酶活的升高；单独施用生防菌效果不明显，轮纹菌更能激发PPO酶活性的升高。

关键词梨轮纹病原菌；生防菌；抗氧化酶

中图分类号S436.612文献标识码

A文章编号0517-6611（2015）07-096-03

Effects of Botryosphaeria berengeriana f.sp. piricola and Biocontrol Bacteria on the System of Antioxidant Enzymes in Pears

ZHANG Li-li1，2， CHANG You-hong2， CHEN Zhi-yi3 et al （1. Agro-technical Station of Xiangcheng Agricultural Bureau of Suzhou City， Suzhou， Jiangsu 215000； 2. Institute of Horticulture， Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Nanjing， Jiangsu 210014； 3. Institute of Plant Protection， Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Nanjing， Jiangsu 210014）

Abstract [Objective] The aim was to understand defense mechanism of pear after inoculated Botryosphaeria berengeriana f.sp. piricola and mechanism of antioxidant enzymes of biocontrol bacteria. [Method] Pears were treated by Botryosphaeria berengeriana f.sp. piricola and biocontrol bacteria， and the change of antioxidant enzymes were determined. [Result] The biocontrol bacteria had little effect on MDA； the content of MDA treated by B. berengeriana reached high peak in 48 h， was 10.22 nmol/g which was 1.86 times of CK； the content of MDA treated by B. berengeriana and biocontrol bacteria reached high peak in 24 h， was 8.92 nmol/g which was 1.62 times of CK. The content of SOD treated by biocontrol bacteria reached high peak in 48 h， was 126.69 U/[g（FW）·min] which was 1.54 times of CK； the contents of SOD treated by B. berengeriana as well as B. berengeriana and biocontrol bacteria reached high peak in 24 h， were 122.10 and 135.32 U/[g（FW）·min] which were 1.48 and 1.65 times of CK respectively； the contents of POD on biocontrol bacteria treatment， B. berengeriana treatment as well as B. berengeriana and biocontrol bacteria treatment reached high peak in 24 h， were 385.34， 342.50 and 290.00 U/[g（FW）·min] which were 1.83， 1.62 and 1.38 times of CK respectively. The contents of CAT on biocontrol bacteria treatment， B. berengeriana treatment as well as B. berengeriana and biocontrol bacteria treatment reached high peak in 6 h， were 133.33， 114.17 and 113.35 U/[g（FW）·min] which were 1.33， 1.14 and 1.13 times of CK respectively. The biocontrol bacteria had little difference in CK； the content of PPO of B. berengeriana treatment reached high peak in 12 h， was 81.86 U/[g（FW）·min] which was 1.86 times of CK； B. berengeriana and biocontrol bacteria treatment reached high peak in 24 h， was 70.00 U/[g（FW）·min] which was 1.50 times of CK. [Conclusion] B. berengeriana and biocontrol bacteria had more effect on MDA； both B. berengeriana and biocontrol bacteria could increase the excitation of SOD enzyme activity； both B. berengeriana and biocontrol bacteria could increase the excitation of POD enzyme activity； both B. berengeriana and biocontrol bacteria could increase the excitation of CAT enzyme activity； using biocontrol bacteria alone had more effect on PPO， B. berengeriana could increase the excitation of PPO enzyme activity.

由图4可知，4个处理的CAT酶活曲线基本上呈先上升后下降的趋势，在6 h时均达到酶活高峰值，其中S处理酶活值最高为133.33 U/[g（FW）·min]，为对照处理的1.33倍，但随后CAT的酶活迅速下降，到24 h达到最低点，此后酶活值又再次上升。……