戴亏秀++杨栋

摘要：[JP3]发球水平的高低反映在两个指标上，即发球速度和成功率。只有成功率没有速度或只有速度没有成功率都不能称为高水平发球。在竞技比赛中“一发”水平至关重要，但“二发”水平极大地影响着整场比赛发球的稳定性和整体水平。“二发”多以上旋球为主，从技术角度看，前臂肌群的快速力量应该是其关键影响因素之一。因而本研究采用文献资料、访谈、问卷调查、实验和数理统计等研究方法，通过武汉体育学院网球专选学生前臂肌群快速力量训练对上旋球发球水平影响的实验研究得出：1）实验选取的自变量，即网球运动员前臂肌群快速力量训练方法指标是合适的，其方法能较为有效地提高网球运动员前臂肌群的快速力量；2）针对训练方法选取的测量指标（因变量）是合理的，能够测量出前臂肌群快速力量训练的效果；3）实验组实施前臂肌群快速力量训练后，前臂肌群的快速力量、上旋球发球的成功率和速度优于对照组。[JP]

关键词：前臂肌群 ； 快速力量；上旋球发球；网球

中图分类号：G845文献标识码：A文章编号：1006-2076（2015）02-0101-06

Abstract：The level of serve is reflected in two indicators， namely， serve speed and success rate The serve with speed but without success rate can't be called high level serve， and vice versa In a competitive game， though first serve is important， the second serve level greatly affects the stability and the overall level of serve throughout the game Topspin serve is preferred in the second serve， and technically， the forearm muscle speed force is one of the key factors Using literature review， interview， questionnaire survey， experiment and mathematical statistics， this research made an experimental study on forearm muscle speed force training effect on serve level of tennis professional students in the Wuhan Sports University The conclusions are drawn that 1） The experiment's independent variables， namely the index for tennis player forearm muscle speed force training methods is appropriate， which can improve these muscles more effectively； 2） The measure index for training method selection （dependent variable） is reasonable and can reflect the training effect of the muscles； 3） The experimental group that used the forearm muscle speed force training methods produced more forearm speed force， more success rate of second serve and "topspin serve" than the control group who used normal strength training

Key words： forearm muscles； topspin serve； topspin serve；tennis

在网球比赛中，一名优秀选手发球时，往往可凭借快速的击球速度、精准的落点、刁钻的角度和强烈的旋转造成对方接发球困难，影响对方的接发球质量，甚至造成对手接发球失误，从而在发球环节建立起优势。通常情况下，快速有力的“一发”发球，常常能够带来直接得分，或更多地造成对方回球质量不高， 为自己主动、有效的进攻创造机会[1]；……