郝文斌

[摘要]近年来，“中国制造”风靡世界，我国成为世界第二大经济体。但是，长期以高污染、高耗能、高投入为模式的经济发展方式难以为继，资源损耗严重、经济结构失衡、生态环境堪忧等问题日益成为影响和制约我国经济持续发展的瓶颈。适应经济全球化和第三次工业革命的浪潮，发展生态经济，建立新的经济模式，成为中国经济新常态的必然抉择。发展生态经济就是要对传统发展模式进行变革性反思，以“五位一体”建设为依据，运用生态理论和系统方法，创新应用科学技术，推动经济转型升级，实现我国人口、经济、社会、资源和环境协同发展。

[关键词]生态经济；生态文明；和谐

[中图分类号]F0622 [文献标志码]A [文章编号]1000-3541（2015）02-0144-04

Abstract： These years， “China Made” has been sweeping the world， and China has become the worlds second largest economy. However， It is very difficult for the long-term development mode， which is featured with high pollution， high energy consumption and high input， to support its sustainable development， for the existing mode has brought about such problems as serious resources loss， imbalanced economic structure， damaged ecological environment and the like， which have become the bottlenecks and they will hinder China's economic development， hence， it has become the inevitable choice for Chinese government to develop ecological economy and to establish new economic development mode so as to adapt to the economic globalization and the third industrial revolution. In order to develop the new economy， it is necessary to critically reflect the traditional development mode， adopt the ecological theories and systematical methods， and conform to the principles to construct synchronously Chinas politics， economy， culture， society and ecological civilization so that the applied scientific technologies can be innovated effectively and the economy can be transformed and upgraded successfully， thus realizing the harmonious development of population， economy， society， natural resources and ecology.

Key words：ecological economy；ecological civilization；harmony

[收稿日期]2015-01-08

[基金项目]黑龙江省高校新世纪优秀人才培养计划“黑龙江生态文明建设评价指标体系研究”（1253—NCET--013）；哈尔滨师范大学应用对策项目“黑龙江新型工业化推进中的生态文明建设研究”（SYD2013-8）

生态经济是生态文明建设的重点领域，是“在经济和环境协调发展思想指导下，按照生态学原理、市场经济理论和系统工程方法，运用现代科学技术，形成生态上和经济上两个良性循环，实现经济、社会、资源、环境协调发展的现代经济体系”[1]（p244）。“社会经济发展是自然生态因素作用的自然生态过程和社会历史因素作用的社会历史过程相统一的自然历史过程，社会经济形态发展中始终存在着自然基础，生态环境因素始终在起作用，自然生态环境是人类物质生产实践活动的内在要素”[2]（p4）。……