打工经历、社会资本与农民初创企业绩效
2015-04-20张鑫等
张鑫等



摘要:基于中国综合社会调查(CGSS)数据,研究打工经历对初创农民企业绩效的影响以及社会资本在这一影响过程中所起的作用。研究发现,拥有打工经历农民的初创绩效高于无此经历的农民;网络规模和网络资源正向影响农民初创绩效;打工经历不仅能够拓展弱关系网络、提升网络规模、丰富网络资源,而且能够强化社会资本的使用效率进而提高初创绩效。此外,农民创业前的经济状态和创业经验对初创绩效也具有显著作用。
关键词:农民创业;打工经历;社会资本;初创绩效;分位数回归与分解
DOI:10.13956/j.ss.1001-8409.2015.04.30
中图分类号:F3252 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1001-8409(2015)04-0140-05
Work Experience, Social Capital and Initial Performance of Farmers Enterprise
ZHANG Xina, XIE Jiazhia, ZHANG Mingb
(a. School of Economics and Management; b. School of Political Science and Public Management, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715
)
Abstract:Based on the data of Chinese General Social Survey, how farmers work experience affecting the initial enterprise performance and the role of social capital between them is analyzed. Result show that the initial performance, for the farmers having work experience, is better than the others. Farmers net scale and resource significantly affect the performance. Farmers work experience can not only extend their weak network, enlarge net scale, better net resource, but also improve operating efficiency of social capital, and then help make better enterprise performance. The economic status and entrepreneurial experience has significant impact on the performance.
Key words:farmers enterprise; work experience; social capital; initial performance; quantile regression model
创业者拥有的资源条件决定初创企业绩效[1],而社会资本无疑是创业者获取有利资源条件的重要凭仗[2]。特别是对农民创业者而言,由于人力资本与金融资本相对匮乏,社会资本对农民初创企业绩效有着不可忽视的影响。作为一种重要的资源配置替代机制[3],社会资本不仅能缓解创业过程中农民面临的人力资本与金融资本束缚,而且可以提高资本的回报率[4]。
从社会资本的内涵和测度来看,社会资本主要包括网络规模、网络密度和网络资源。农民所拥有的网络规模、密度和资源不仅取决于血缘和地缘基础,而且也与农民的生活场所和从业经历有关。随着农村劳动力大规模输出和非农就业,农民社会资本在原有基础上得到了拓展和延伸,社会关系网络突破了传统的血缘和地缘限制。……