子宫内膜异位症合并不孕患者术后妊娠的影响因素分析
2015-03-13张振武温延丽
张振武 温延丽
[摘要] 目的 分析子宫内膜异位症合并不孕症患者行腹腔镜微创手术后妊娠成功率的影响因素。 方法 选择2011年1~12月在吉林省妇幼保健院行腹腔镜辅助下微创手术治疗的子宫内膜异位症合并不孕症的患者共计77例,观察统计术后妊娠率情况;分析术后妊娠率在年龄、不孕类型、不孕时间、使用促排卵药物治疗、美国生殖医学协会子宫内膜异位症分期(r-AFS,Ⅰ~Ⅱ期、Ⅲ期、Ⅳ期)情况、病理分型(卵巢型、腹膜型、深部浸润型)、术后是否加用促性腺激素释放激素激动剂(GnRH-a)治疗等临床因素间的分布情况;分析影响术后妊娠率的相关因素。 结果 ①术后36个月累计成功妊娠者43例,累计妊娠率为55.8%(43/77)。②术后妊娠率在年龄(<35岁、≥35岁)、不孕类型(原发不孕、继发不孕)、不孕时间(≤3年、>3年)、使用促排卵治疗(是、否)等临床因素中比较,差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05或P < 0.01)。术后妊娠率与r-AFS分期、病理分型、术后是否加用GnRH-a治疗无关,差异均无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。③年龄、不孕类型、不孕时间、使用促排卵药物治疗与术后妊娠率相关(OR = 6.317、5.566、1.389、2.227,均P < 0.05),其中,年龄、不孕类型、不孕时间均为危险因素(OR > 1.000),使用促排卵药物治疗是保护因素(OR < 1.000)。 结论 临床工作应根据上述相关因素的作用,综合评估患者情况,采取相关措施提高患者妊娠成功率。
[关键词] 子宫内膜异位症;不孕;妊娠;影响因素
[中图分类号] R711.71 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2015)02(b)-0028-04
[Abstract] Objective To analyze the influence factors of postoperative pregnancy in patients of endometriosis combined with infertility after laparoscopic assisted minimally invasive surgery. Methods 77 cases of endometriosis combined with infertility treated by laparoscopic assisted minimally invasive surgery from January to December in 2011 were selected. Postoperative pregnancy rate was observed. The distributed situation of postoperative pregnancy rate in clinical factors of age, infertility type, infertility time, ovulation induction, r-AFS stage, pathological type, GnRH-a treatment were analyzed; the relative factors of postoperative pregnancy rate were analyzed. Results ①43 cases of cumulative successful pregnancies in 36 months were found, the cumulative pregnancy rate was 55.8% (43/77). ②The differences of postoperative pregnancy rate in the elements of age (<35 years, ≥35 years), infertility type (primary infertility, secondary infertility), infertility time (≤3 years, >3 years), ovulation induction (yes, no) were all statistically significant (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The differences of postoperative pregnancy rate in the elements of different r-AFS stage, pathological type (ovarian endometriosis, peritoneal endometriosis, DIE), GnRH-a treatment were all not statistically significant (P > 0.05). ③The age, infertility type, infertility time, ovulation induction were found had correlation with postoperative pregnancy rate (OR = 6.317, 5.566, 1.389, 2.227,all P < 0.05); and the age, infertility type, infertility time were the risk factors (OR > 1.000), the ovulation induction was the protective factor (OR < 1.000). Conclusion It is essential to evaluate patients' comprehensive situation, take correlation measures according to the related factors to improve the pregnancy success rate.
[Key words] Endometriosis; Infertility; Pregnancy; Influence factor
子宫内膜异位症是育龄期女性较为常见的临床良性疾病,有报道该病的发病率可达10.0%之高[1]。子宫内膜异位症与不孕的关系密切,该病的患者中并发不孕症的概率为40.5%[1-2]。子宫内膜异位症的发生,在排卵功能障碍、卵细胞质量不佳、输卵管粘连、拾卵能力及配子的运输功能不佳、子宫内膜容受程度较差或受精卵着床功能障碍等诸多方面均能够对患者的受孕功能造成严重干扰。当前,子宫内膜异位症患者合并不孕的诊疗手段是以腹腔镜下手术治疗为主,术后的药物性治疗及人工辅助下的生殖技术治疗为辅的综合治疗[3]。……
