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施肥贡献率、依存率与烟草产量的相关性研究

2014-12-09周孚美肖亦雄高小俊

天津农业科学 2014年10期
关键词:相关性

周孚美++肖亦雄++高小俊

摘 要:为探讨衡阳市“3415”方案和校正试验,通过田间试验研究了烤烟的贡献率及依存率与烟草产量的关系。结果表明:在烟草测土配方施肥技术参数中,肥料利用率、土壤养分校正系数与土壤速效氮磷钾含量呈负相关,依存率与土壤速效养分含量呈正相关;烟草施肥的贡献率为94.7%,远远大于油菜等其他作物,表明烟草的产量对施肥的依赖性最大。揭示了科学施肥的重要性,为烟草测土配方施肥技术推广和应用提供了简便实用的操作平台。

关键词: 施肥;贡献率;依存率;烟草产量;相关性

中图分类号:S572 文献标识码:A DOI 编码:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2014.10.015

Correlation Between Contribution Rate of Fertilization and Interdependent Rate and the Output of Tobacco

ZHOU Fu-mei1, XIAO Yi-xiong1 , GAO Xiao-jun2

(1.Leiyang Tobacco Monopoly Administration in Hunan Province, Leiyang, Hunan 421800,China; 2. Leiyang Vocational Technical School, Leiyang, Hunan 421800,China)

Abstract: In order to investigate the Hengyang "3415" plan and calibration experiment of flue-cured tobacco, the contribution rate and dependency, and tobacco yield was studied by field test. The results showed that among the tobacco fertilization technology parameters, the utilization rate of fertilizer, soil correction coefficient and soil available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content was negatively related to positive rate of dependence, and soil available nutrient content. The tobacco fertilizer contribution rate was 94.7%, far greater than the other crop rape. It showed that the largest dependence of fertilizer application and the important role of scientific fertilization to tobacco yield, and could provide a simple and practical operation platform for the tobacco fertilization technology popularization and application.

Key words: fertilization; contribution rate; dependent rate; tobacco yield; correlation

氮、磷、钾素营养对烤烟生长发育、代谢过程、产量和品质等均有较大的影响[1-7]。制定优化配方施肥方案, 可使土壤养分供应与烟草生长发育规律相吻合, 进而促进烟叶适产、优质[8-9]。衡阳市是湖南省烟叶生产优势区域,常年向国家交售优质烟叶在30万担以上。有关“3415”试验方案的烤烟测土配方施肥内容尚未见报道,为此,本研究旨在探求施肥贡献率及依存率与烟草产量的关系,通过配置肥料效应模型[10],结合经济效益分析,确定烤烟经济最佳施肥量,寻找耒阳市烤烟适产、优质、高效的田间优化施肥方案,为当地烤烟的科学施肥提供理论依据。

1 材料和方法

1.1 试验材料

供试品种为耒阳市大面积种植的云烟87和K326,采用大棚漂浮育苗,各个小区移栽的烟苗是同批次的秧苗,叶龄和生长一致,整个试验除了施肥量不同以外,其他操作均同等对待。……

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