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两种经营方式下桉树林与椰林的土壤物理性状比较研究

2014-12-09陈浩等

天津农业科学 2014年10期

陈浩等

摘 要:对海南儋州两种经营方式下桉树林与人工椰林样地连续定点采样,分析不同经营方式下林地土壤的物理性状差异。结果表明:(1)短伐桉树林、椰林土壤表层的0~10 cm粒级组成“粗化”明显,而非短伐桉树林的变化较小;(2)短伐桉树林、非短伐桉树林、椰林表层0~10 cm的土壤容重分别为1.65,1.69,1.56 g·cm-3,较其他林地要大;(3)短伐桉树林、非短伐桉树林和椰林的土壤毛管孔隙度非常接近,约为33%,而非毛管孔隙度分别为8.66%,4.95%,5.99%,总孔隙度分别为41.89%,38.62%,39.05%;(4)短伐桉树林、非短伐桉树林、椰林的土壤紧实度随着深度增加而增加,非短伐桉树林的土壤紧实度明显高于短伐桉树林和椰林,而短伐林与椰林的土壤紧实度相近。

关键词:短伐桉树林; 非短伐桉树林; 椰林; 土壤理化性状

中图分类号:S151.9 文献标识码:A DOI 编码:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2014.10.014

Comparative Study of the Soil Physical Properties on Eucalyptus Plantations and Cocos Plantation

CHEN Hao1, 4, ZHAO Cong-ju1, NIU Yong-qiang2, ZHUO Zhi-qing1, WU Zhe-ying3, XU Wen-xian1

(1. School of Geography and Tourism, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571158, China;2. Danzhou Forest Farm of Hainan Province, Danzhou, Hainan 571748, China;3. School of Life Science, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571158, China;4. College of Resources and Environmental Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing,Jiangsu 210095, China)

Abstract: Two Eucalyptus plantations and one Cocos plantation were chosen as study sample plots in Danzhou Forest Farm, which lies in west Hainan Island. Through monitoring and sampling in the fixed sites, differences in soil physical properties of plantations managed in different ways were analyzed. The results showed that: (1) Soil separates were obviously "coarsening" in 0~10 cm soil layer of short-rotation Eucalyptus plantation and Cocos plantation, and the change was little in the layer of non-short-rotation Eucalyptus plantation;(2) The soil bulk densities in 0~10 cm soil layer of short-rotation Eucalyptus plantation, non-short-rotation Eucalyptus plantation and Cocos plantation were 1.65, 1.69 and 1.56 g·cm-3 respectively, which were higher than other woodlands;(3) Capillary porosity was almost equal of short-rotation Eucalyptus plantation, non-short-rotation Eucalyptus plantation and Cocos plantation, about 33%. Non-capillary porosity was 8.66%, 4.95% and 5.99% and total porosity, 41.89%, 38.62%, 39.05%, respectively;(4) The compaction of non-short-rotation Eucalyptus plantation was obviously higher than short-rotation Eucalyptus plantation and Cocos plantation, and the values of which were very similar.

Key words: short-rotation Eucalyptus plantation; non-short-rotation Eucalyptus plantation; Cocos plantation; soil physical property

用方式的不同,土壤质地、结构以及土壤肥力等性质也会有明显差异[5]。因此,研究不同土地利用方式下土壤物理性状的差异性,对优化土地利用类型、实现土地资源可持续经营具有重要意义。endprint

由于桉树生长快,耗水耗肥大,桉树人工林的生态问题备受关注[6]。已有的研究主要集中在桉树人工林蒸腾耗水、林下生物多样性以及林地土壤地力衰退等方面[7-9],而关于桉树人工林生产与经营方式对林地土壤质地、结构影响的研究目前还较少。海南西部为我国热带半湿润、半干旱特殊生境区,也是我国重要的桉树浆纸林栽植区之一。为此,本研究选择海南西部儋州连片种植的桉树林为……

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