楚红英+陈志冉+李瑜

摘要:采用超声波辅助提取技术,通过单因素试验和L9(34)正交试验,探讨了提取条件对火棘(Pyracantha fortuneana)中多糖类物质提取率的影响,采用苯酚-硫酸法测定火棘中多糖含量,以葡萄糖作为标准对照物,在482 nm处测定吸光度,并计算其含量。结果表明,在火棘多糖超声波最佳提取工艺条件下(提取剂pH为7,30 ℃下按液料比30∶1提取40 min),火棘果中多糖提取率达2.148%。

关键词:火棘(Pyracantha fortuneana);多糖;提取;苯酚-硫酸法

中图分类号:TQ351;TQ91文献标识码:A文章编号:0439-8114(2014)10-2408-04

Extraction and Determination of Polysaccharides in Pyracantha fortuneana

CHU Hong-ying1,CHEN Zhi-ran1,LI Yu2

(1.Department of Environment and Chemical Engineering,Yellow River Conservancy Technical Institute,Kaifeng 475004,Henan,China;2.Department of Urology,Zhengzhou Peoples Hospital Yi He Hospital,Zhengzhou 450047,Henan,China)

Abstract:The conditions of ultrasound-assisted extracting polysaccharides from Pyracantha fortuneana were studied with single factor analysis and L9(34) orthogonal experiment. The content of polysaccharides in Pyracantha fortuneana was determined by phenol-H2SO4 colorimetry at 482 nm with glucose as the standard. The results showed that the optimal conditions of ultrasonic extracting polysaccharides from Pyracantha fortuneana were 30 ℃ for 40 min with pH 7 and the best ratio of liquid (mL) to solid(g) was 30∶1.Under the optimal conditions,the yield of polysaccharides from Pyracantha fortuneana was 2.148%.

Key words: Pyracantha fortuneana;polysaccharides;extraction;phenol-H2SO4 colorimetry

基金项目:黄河水利职业技术学院科研基金项目(2013KYJS012)

火棘(Pyracantha fortuneana)又名救兵粮、救命粮、火把果、赤阳子等,为蔷薇科火棘属常绿灌木或小乔木[1]。火棘不仅具有观赏价值,而且还具有食用和药用价值,火棘中含有β-谷甾醇、北美圣草素、芦丁、芒苷、异槲皮苷、槲皮素和超氧化物歧化酶等活性成分[2,3]。研究表明,火棘具有抗氧化、增强免疫力、利胆、助消化、降血脂和抗疲劳等作用,根、皮、叶均具有生津止渴、清热解毒、收敛止泻之功效,其果可用于疗疮毒、治阴虚、止泻痢等[4],火棘还具有美白作用[5]。作为植物光合作用的初生产物,多糖不仅是多数天然产物合成的初始原料,也是动植物维持生命不可缺少的一类化合物[6]。目前,多糖提取主要包括:热水浸提、热熔、超声、微波、酶解等方法[7-10],测定方法主要包括3,5-二硝基水杨酸盐比色法、Somogyi-Nelson法、地衣酚-硫酸法、苯酚-硫酸法和蒽酮-硫酸法等方法[11]。本试验采用超声法提取,苯酚-硫酸法测定火棘中的水溶性多糖,旨在为开发利用火棘资源提供参考。……