生长期对广西产地华南9号木薯品质特性的影响
2014-08-12古碧等
古碧等
摘 要 根据GB/T 5009测定华南9号(SC9)木薯含粉率、氢氰酸、无机砷(As)和铅(Pb),根据GB/T 15686测定SC9品种的单宁含量,研究不同生长期对种植在广西武鸣、隆安、合浦、崇左、桂林和梧州6个地方的SC9木薯含粉率、氢氰酸、单宁、As及Pb含量的影响。结果表明:种植在不同地方的SC9木薯含粉率、氢氰酸和单宁会随着生长期的延长表现出不同的变化趋势,其含粉率在生长期为8、9、10个月时较高,氢氰酸含量在生长期为10、12个月时相对较低,大部分地区的SC9木薯单宁含量在生长期为9个月和10个月时最低;SC9鲜木薯中的As和Pb含量分别为0.08~0.26、0.24~0.55 mg/kg。此结果表明,SC9木薯在生长期10个月时获得了高含粉率、低氢氰酸、低单宁含量的木薯块根,较适合用于食用木薯淀粉的加工生产。
关键词 生长期 ;广西 ;木薯 ;品质特性 ;华南9号
分类号 S889.5
Influence of Growing Period on the Properties of SC9 Cassava Cultivated
in Guangxi
GU Bi1) LI Jian2) LONG Gang2) HUANG Yifan2)
(1 Starch Chemical Research Institute, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004;
2 Guangxi Analysis and Test Center, Nanning, Guangxi 530022)
Abstract Influence of different growing period on the content of starch, hydrocyanic acid, tannin, inorganic arsenic and lead of SC9 cassava cultivated in Wuming, Longan, Hepu, Chongzuo, Guilin and Wuzhou were researched in this article. Content of starch, hydrocyanic acid, inorganic arsenic and lead of SC9 cassava were determined by GB/T 5009. Content of tannin of SC9 cassava was determined by GB/T 15686. The Results showed that the content of starch,hydrocyanic acid and tannin of SC9 cassava were different from the extension of growing period. The content of starch was higher when growing period of SC9 was 8 to 10 months than others. The tannin content of SC9 cassava cultivated in most regions was lowest when the growing period was 9 to 10 months. The content of inorganic arsenic and lead of SC9 cassava were 0.08~0.26 mg/kg, 0.24~0.55 mg/kg respectively. The content of starch was high and content of hydrocyanic acid, tannin was low when the growing periods of SC9 cassava was 10 months. It was suitable for processing edible cassava starch.
Keywords growing period ; guangxi ; cassava ; properties ; SC9
木薯(Manihot esculenta Crantz)是大戟科块根作物,起源于热带南美洲,1820年前后引入中国栽培,生长环境要求低,与甘薯、马铃薯并称为三大薯类作物,为全球第六大粮食之一,是热带和亚热带部分地区的重要主粮。木薯富含淀粉,有“淀粉之王”的美称,是淀粉工业和酒精工业的重要可再生原料,淀粉经过变性后在食品、纺织、造纸、涂料、医学和建筑上都有广泛的应用[1-2]。
SC9木薯具有毒性低(氢氰酸含量低)、无苦味、淀粉含量高、纤维素含量少等特性,同时蛋白质、胡萝卜素和维生素C含量较为丰富,因此营养和食味俱佳,适宜在热带和亚热带地区栽培,其生长周期短,在种植后7个月即可收获,是食用木薯淀粉加工企业的理想原料[3-4]。……
