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喉罩通气与喉镜下气管插管通气对腹腔镜手术麻醉患者血流动力学的影响

2014-06-12黄跃军彭南安

中国当代医药 2014年11期
关键词:腹腔镜手术

黄跃军 彭南安

[摘要] 目的 探讨腹腔镜手术麻醉中采用喉罩通气与喉镜下气管插管通气对患者血流动力学的影响。方法 选择本院2011年10月~2012年12月择期行腹腔镜手术治疗的患者60例,按照随机数字表法分为A、B组,各30例,其中A组患者采用喉罩通气,B组患者采用喉镜下气管插管通气。记录两组麻醉诱导前(T0)、诱导后(T1)、插管或喉罩植入时(T2)、插管后3 min(T3)及拔管后(T4)的心率(HR)、血压变化情况。结果 A组患者喉罩置入后,HR、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)较插管前有所升高,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);B组患者气管插管后HR、SBP、DBP均较插管前明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);T2、T4时间点,B组HR、SBP、DBP均明显高于A组,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。A组围拔管期躁动评分明显低于B组(P<0.05),并发症发生率低于B组(P<0.05)。 结论 相对于喉镜下气管插管,喉罩通气在腹腔镜手术麻醉中对患者的心血管刺激较小,血流动力学稳定,并发症少,值得临床应用。

[关键词] 喉罩;喉镜;气管插管;腹腔镜手术;血流动力学;麻醉

[中图分类号] R614 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2014)04(b)-0049-03

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the influence of laryngeal mask airway and laryngoscope intubation ventilation on hemodynamic of laparoscopic surgical anesthesia.Methods 60 cases of patients treated with laparoscopic surgery in our hospital from October 2011 to December 2012 were randomly divided into group A and group B,30 patients in each group,laryngeal mask airway was given to group A,laryngoscope intubation ventilation was given to group B.The multi-function-custodial instrument was used to monitor heart rate,blood pressure changes,and heart rate (HR),blood pressure before induction of anesthesia (T0),after induction (T1),intubation or laryngeal mask implantation (T2),intubation after 3 min (T3) ,after extubation (T4) of two groups were recorded.Results In group A,HR,systolic blood pressure (SBP),diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was increased after laryngeal mask placement,but the difference was not significant(P>0.05);In group B,HR,SBP,DBP was significantly higher compared with that before intubation,the difference was significant (P<0.05);At T2,T4 point,HR,SBP,DBP of group B was significantly higher than that of group A,the difference was significant (P<0.05).The restlessness score in extubation period of group A was significantly lower than that of group B (P<0.05),the incidence of complications was less than that of group B (P<0.05).Conclusion Compared with endotracheal intubation,laryngeal mask airway in pediatric laparoscopic surgical anesthesia has less stimulation in patient′s cardiovascular,less complication and hemodynamic is stability,it is worth application.

[Key words] Laryngeal mask;Laryngoscope;Intubation;Laparoscopic surgery;Hemodynamics;Anesthesia

喉罩是一种新型通气装置,在临床麻醉及急救中得到广泛应用,其使用简单,放置成功率高,且无需直接上提会厌、显露声门,对心血管刺激较轻[1]。腹腔镜手术中,由于耐受力较低、恐惧等因素导致其术前生理心理应激反应较强烈,因此麻醉中应尽量避免对其心血管的刺激,同时还要保持麻醉时气道通畅,对气道管理有较高的要求。本文对本院行腹腔镜手术的患者麻醉中行喉罩通气,探讨其对心血管系统的影响作用。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

选择本院2011年10月~2012年12月择期行腹腔镜手术治疗的患者60例,其中,男34例,女26例,年龄16~53岁,平均(36.4±12.7)岁;手术类别:阑尾切除16例,Meckel憩室切除10例,胆囊切除34例。全部患者排除有心、肝、肾等重要器官功能异常者。将60例患者随机分为A、B两组,各30例,A组患者麻醉时采用喉罩通气,B组患者麻醉时采用喉镜下气管插管通气,两组患者家属对通气方式均知情同意,两组一般资料比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。

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