一种用于RFID标签带温度补偿的振荡器设计
2014-04-18施乐杨发顺陆安江雷涛
施乐+杨发顺+陆安江+雷涛
摘 要: 提出了基于TSMC 0.18 μm RF CMOS工艺带温度补偿高精度振荡器的设计方案。针对射频电子标签应用的设计要求,选用改进型的双电容张弛振荡器结构。通过温度补偿作用,参考电压与输出电流受电源影响较小,保证了振荡器输出频率的稳定性。使用SPECTRE工具对电路进行仿真,在1.8 V电源电压下,-25~100 ℃范围内,中心频率为1.92 MHz时最大偏差小于±0.75%,达到使用的要求,并在此基础上完成电路的版图。
关键词: 双电容振荡器; 带隙基准; 电压比较器; 温度补偿
中图分类号: TN710?34 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1004?373X(2014)07?0133?03
Design of oscillator with temperature compensation for RFID tags
SHI Le, YANG Fa?shun, LU An?jiang, LEI Tao
(Key Laboratory of Micro?Nano?Electronics and Software Technology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China)
Abstract: Based on TSMC′s 0.18 μm RF CMOS process, a desidn scheme of high?accuracy oscillator with temperature compensation is presented. A structure of the improved double?capacitor relaxation oscillator was chosen to meet the design requirements of the RFID tags. In order to guarantee the stability of the oscillator output frequency, the temperature compensation technology was adopted in the oscillator to minimize the effect of power surply on reference voltage and output current. The SPECTRE tool was used for circuit simulation. The result indicates that the maximum frequency deviation is less than ±0.75% at 1.92 MHz center frequency when the circuit works at 1.8 V and the temperature range is -25~100 ℃. It meets the application requirement. On the basis of the simulation, the layout diagram was accomplished.
Keywords: double?capacitor oscillator; band?gap reference; voltage comparator; temperature compensation
0 引 言
射频识别(RFID)技术具有识读距离远、速度快等优点,已逐渐开始在供应链、物流、仓储管理及物品跟踪等领域得到广泛应用[1]。因此,设计一个应用于射频电子标签中的高精度时钟电路有着重要意义。
传统的分立元件电路的时钟参考是石英晶体振荡器,它的性能非常稳定, 振荡频率几乎不随电源电压、温度和工艺的变化。但是它不能集成在芯片系统内部,导致整体成本也随之增加,一款可集成于芯片内部、成本低廉的高性能时钟参考电路的挑战正在于此。常用的片上时钟发生器有环形振荡器和张弛振荡器两种振荡结构。环形振荡器是由奇数个CMOS反相器级联而成的,每级反相器都带一个负载电容,振荡周期是电源到电容进行充电的上升过程和电容到地进行放电的下降过程共同决定[2]。张弛振荡器较环形振荡器虽然在稳定性上有所提升[3],但是他们的传统结构都对电源电压有较大的依赖性,且受温度影响严重,不利于实现高性能芯片的整体设计。……
