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基于二象限APF的单相功率因数校正器

2014-04-18黄翌阳曼苏乐刘岩金伟鞠荏

现代电子技术 2014年7期

黄翌阳+曼苏乐+刘岩+金伟+鞠荏

摘 要: 为消除单相整流装置产生的谐波,提出了一种基于二象限有源滤波器(APF)的单相功率因数校正器,包括其主回路拓扑与控制策略。使用T型拓扑可滤除高次谐波,在主回路加装二极管可削减有源滤波器电流峰值, 并在控制回路中使用双前馈以实现快速响应。对该拓扑和控制方案进行了Matlab仿真,并设计了基于dsPIC33F系列数字控制器的实验样机。仿真和实验结果均表明该技术可在降低成本的情况下,仍将功率因数提升至99%。

关键词: 功率因数校正器; 有源滤波器; Matlab仿真; 数字控制器

中图分类号: TN86?34 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1004?373X(2014)07?0121?05

Single?phase power factor corrector based on two?quadrant APF

HUANG Yi?yang1, MUHAMMAD Mansoor Khan1, LIU Yan2, JIN Wei2, JU Ren2

(1. School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;

2. Urban Area Power Supply Company, Shanghai Power Company, Shanghai 200080, China)

Abstract: In order to eliminate the harmonics generated by the single?phase rectifier, a single?phase power factor corrector based on two?quadrant active power filter (APF) is proposed. It contains main circuit topology and control strategy. The filter higher harmonics can be eliminated by using T?type topology. The current peak of APF can be reduced by adding a diode in the main circuit. Fast response can be achieved by using double?feedforward in the control loop. The topology and control scheme were simulated in Matlab. An experimental prototype based on a dsPIC33F digital controller was designed. The results from simulation and experiments show that the technology can increase the power factor to 99% while the cost is reduced.

Keywords: power factor corrector; active power filter; Matlab simulation; digital controller

0 引 言

谐波是一种电能质量问题,会造成变压器过热、电机谐振、电压质量下降,并破坏电力元件,造成医疗器械故障[1]。随着非线性负载的使用日益广泛,改善电能质量越显重要。目前已经有许多国家采用了国际对谐波电流限制的通行标准,如IEC 61000?3?2和IEEE std. 519?1992[2]。

高功率因数和低谐波是一致的,对交流电路负载电流进行谐波抑制、无功补偿就是指对系统进行功率因数校正。功率因数校正技术主要分为无源功率因数校正(PPFC)和有源功率因数校正(APFC)[3]。

1976年,L.Gyugi和E.C. Strycuia共同提出了基于电压型和电流型的大功率晶闸管PWM逆变器结构的有源滤波器(APF)[4] 。而后随着大功率全控型半导体器件逐渐成熟,PWM脉宽调制控制技术进步,有源滤波器才取得了长足的发展。APFC可实现理想的功率因数校正,使功率因数达到0.99以上,并将THD抑制在5%以下,是减小电气装置引入的高次谐波成分对电网的污染,同时提高电气装置功率因数的一种行之有效的方法[5]。……

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