王水清，薛宝玲，格日勒图

（内蒙古农业大学食品科学与工程学院，内蒙古呼和浩特010018）

乌珠穆沁羊生长过程中肌内结缔组织和肌纤维类型的变化

王水清，薛宝玲，格日勒图*

（内蒙古农业大学食品科学与工程学院，内蒙古呼和浩特010018）

以1至18月龄乌珠穆沁羊骨骼肌中半腱肌（SD）和股二头肌（BF）为原料，采用组织化学法对肌纤维直径、肌内结缔组织和肌纤维类型的变化进行观察。结果显示，随着月龄的增加，SD和BF中肌纤维直径在1到9月龄之间呈增大趋势，12月龄时显著下降，之后呈上升趋势。SD和BF结缔组织中肌内膜总体呈增厚趋势。肌束膜在1到9月龄呈增厚趋势，到12月龄时有所下降，之后显著上升。随月龄的增加，SD和BF中Ⅰ型肌纤维的变化较大，在9和18月龄时呈下降趋势。SD中Ⅱa型纤维12月龄时百分比最低，而此时Ⅱb型纤维百分比最高。BF中Ⅱa型纤维百分比在1、9、18月龄之间以及3、6月龄之间差异均不显著（p＞0.05）。Ⅱb型纤维在18月龄百分比最高。

骨骼肌，肌内膜，肌束膜，肌纤维类型

Abstract：The semitendinosus（SD） and biceps femoris（BF） of Wuzhumuqin sheeps from 1 to 18 month old，were employed，and the histochemical methods were used to analyse the changes of diameter of muscle fibers and intramuscular connective tissue and muscle fiber types during the growth of Wuzhumuqin sheep.Results showed that，in SD and BF，the diameter of muscle fibers were increased from 1 to 9 month old，decreased from 9 to 12 month old，after then it was increased at 18 month old.The thickness of endomysium was increased，however the perimysium was thickened from increased from 1 to 9 month old，decreased from 9 to 12 month old，after then the thickness of perimysium was increased gradually.TypeⅠ in the BF and SD，had big change，they dropped at 9 and 18 month old.In the SD，the percentage of Type Ⅱa got the lowest at 12 month old，while TypeⅡb had the highest level.In the BF，the percentage of TypeⅡa had no significant difference among the 1，9，18 month old，including 3 month old and 6 month old（p＞0.05）.TypeⅡb had the highest level at 12 month old.

Key words：skeletal muscle；endomysium；perimysium；muscle fiber type

骨骼肌由大量肌纤维组成，肌纤维之间由肌内膜包裹隔开，20～300个肌纤维聚集形成肌束，在肌束外层包裹着肌束膜，多条肌束聚集形成肌肉，外层由肌外膜包裹[1]。肌内结缔组织直接影响食肉质地，对肌肉肌纤维有保护作用，使肌肉保持一定弹性和硬度[2-4]。不同肌纤维类型具有不同的特性，并直接影响肌肉的品质。国外研究发现，肌肉中肌纤维类型的组成对屠宰后肉品外观、生理生化等特性具有重要影响[5]。川井田博[6]研究指出肌肉中肌纤维直径和密度是影响嫩度和系水力的重要指标。……