2002—2011年霍乱疫情分析及防控对策钟小兵涂传树
2012-07-09钟小兵涂传树张科许强涂勋成
钟小兵 涂传树 张科 许强 涂勋成
【摘要】 目的:掌握霍乱流行规律,为政府预防控制提供科学决策依据。方法:搜集2002—2011年霍乱疫情发生信息资料,分析霍乱发生的相关因素及所采取的措施,评估效果。结果:2002—2011年间安县发生的三起霍乱疫情均为农村群体聚餐,菌群为霍乱弧菌0139,菜品中均有甲鱼,在三起霍乱疫情发生中有两起怀疑感染来源于甲鱼,其中一起从同一批次的甲鱼中检出霍乱弧菌0139与病例同源,为厨师未按生熟食品分开进行加工制作,导致食品交叉污染所致。结论:加强农村群体聚餐、农村厨师的管理,规范厨师加工制作食品,避免食物交叉污染,加强居民消化道传染病预防控制知识的健康教育,加强监测,在防控策略上关口前移,重心下沉是预防控制霍乱等消化道传染病的金钥匙。
【关键词】 霍乱; 疫情; 防控
Analysis and Countermeasures of Prevention of 2002—2011 Cholera Epidemic Situation/ZHONG Xiao—bing,TU Chuan—shu,ZHANG Ke,et al.//Medical Innovation of China,2012,9(29):103—104
【Abstract】 Objective: To master the cholera epidemic law,to provide the scientific basis for prevention and control by the government.Method: The information of 2002—2011 cholera outbreak was collected.Related factors were analyzed and measures were taken,and effect wwa evaluated.Result:Analysis of occurrence during the three cholera epidemic are rural community dinners,flora for Vibrio cholerae0139,dishes have soft—shelled turtle,in the three cases of cholera outbreak occurred in two on suspicion of infection from the soft—shelled turtle,one from the same batch of soft—shelled turtle in the detection of Vibrio cholerae 0139cases with homologous,for rural cook did not according to the raw and cooked food separate processing production,leading to food contamination.Conclusion:Strengthen rural community dinners,the management of rural cooks,norm cook foods processed food,avoid cross—contamination,strengthen the residents to digestive tract infectious disease prevention and control knowledge health education,strengthen the monitoring,prevention and control strategy in col—reach,centre of gravity to sink is the golden key of choleraic,prevention and control of infectious disease of digestive tract.
【Key words】 Cholera; Epidemic situation; Prevention and control
First—authors address:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of Anxian,Anxian 622651,China
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674—4985.2012.29.069
2002—2006年,绵阳市安县为霍乱流行县,2002年农民甘某、2005年农民刘某在家举办婚宴、2006年农民唐某恭贺新房聚餐,发生霍乱暴发疫情,给人民群众的生命财产安全造成了一定的损失,为此,笔者根据霍乱流行的规律、流行特点,进行强化防控措施,收到了满意效果。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料 2002年安县发生首起霍乱,农村村民举办婚晏,就餐189人,霍乱发病26人,带菌者10人;第2起为2005年农村村民举办婚晏,就餐191人,霍乱发病5人,带菌者2人;第3起为2006年村民乔迁新居,就餐84人,霍乱发病8人,带菌者10人。三起霍乱疫情共发生霍乱39人,带菌者22人。2007—2011年,安县针对霍乱流行的特点,加强管理,落实防控措施,有效地控制了霍乱在安县的发生。……
