42例急性肺栓塞患者的抢救与护理

2012-01-28戴慧芳胡小叶黄素青

浙江医学教育 2012年3期

关键词：护理

戴慧芳，胡小叶，黄素青，王妮

(温州医学院附属第二医院，浙江温州 325027)

·临床护理与管理·

42例急性肺栓塞患者的抢救与护理

戴慧芳，胡小叶，黄素青，王妮

(温州医学院附属第二医院，浙江温州 325027)

目的：总结急性肺栓塞患者的抢救与护理策略。方法分析42例急性肺栓塞患者的临床特点并总结相应抢救护理策略。结果本组治疗有效病例37例(其中治愈14例，显效15例，好转8例)，治疗无效病例5例(其中无变化2例，死亡3例)，发生齿龈出血4例, 大面积皮下瘀斑2例，穿刺部位渗血5例，颅内出血1例。结论对急性肺栓塞患者及时实施有针对性的、个体化及有效的抢救与护理，能有效提高其生存率，减少肺栓塞并发症的发生率，缩短病程，促进患者康复。

肺栓塞；护理

Abstract: [Objective] To summarize the rescue and nursing strategy about patients with acute pulmonary embolism. [Method] The clinic data about 42 cases of patients with pulmonary embolism were analyzed and summarized their clinical characteristics and rescue nursing strategy. [Result] In all patients who accepted intravenous thrombolysis treatment, 4 cases suffered gum bleed and 2 cases suffered subcutaneous ecchymosis. 15 cases suffered puncture ooze blood and 1 case suffered intracranial bleeding. 14 cases of this group were cured. 5 cases improved greatly. 8 cases improved and 3 cases death. [Conclusion] With timely implementing targeted, individual and effective rescue and nursing, the survival rate of patients with pulmonary embolism could be effectively improved and the incidence of complications of pulmonary embolism could be greatly reduced. It may shorten the course of illness and promote the rehabilitation of patients.

Keywords: pulmonary embolism; nursing

肺栓塞(Pulmonary Embolism , PE) 是内源性或外源性栓子堵塞肺动脉或其分支引起肺循环障碍的临床和病理生理综合征[1]。其临床表现复杂多样且无特异性, 漏诊及误诊情况严重, 不经治疗病死率极高。而漏诊、误诊率高的原因大多由于临床医务工作者对该病的认识不足和(或) 诊断技术应用不当所造成。因此提高临床护理人员对此类疾病的认识，协助医师及时作出诊断并采取相应的治疗和护理措施，具有重要意义。本院自2004年1月至2011年11月共诊治急性肺栓塞患者42例，现将其抢救和护理过程报告如下。