孟繁磊，陈瑞战*，张 敏，陈瑞平

(长春师范学院化学学院，吉林 长春 130032)

刺五加多糖的提取工艺及抗氧化活性研究

孟繁磊，陈瑞战*，张 敏，陈瑞平

(长春师范学院化学学院，吉林 长春 130032)

目的：研究刺五加多糖(Acanthopanacis senticosi polysaccharides，ASP)的超声提取工艺及不同产地、不同采集时间的刺五加多糖含量及抗氧化活性，确定刺五加的最佳采收地点和时间。方法：采用正交试验优化超声提取工艺参数、苯酚-硫酸法测定多糖含量；分别用FRAP法、邻苯三酚自氧化及DPPH法测定刺五加多糖抗氧化活性。结果：超声提取的最佳工艺条件为：提取温度70℃、提取时间90min、超声功率500W、提取次数3次；不同采集地点的刺五加多糖含量明显不同，其中二参厂产刺五加多糖含量＞大湖产刺五加多糖含量＞兴隆产刺五加多糖含量；而同一采集地点，随着采收时间的推迟，多糖含量在6～8月呈增加趋势，9月份以后多糖含量开始下降。抗氧化活性测定结果表明，12批不同来源的刺五加提取的多糖都具有较好的抗氧化活性，3种方法测定结果表明二参厂8月份采集的刺五多糖抗氧化活性最强。结论：优选得到的刺五加超声提取工艺稳定可行；8月份采自二参厂的刺五加多糖含量和抗氧化活性最高。

刺五加；多糖；提取工艺；抗氧化活性

Abstract：The optimal procedure for the ultrasonic-assisted solvent extraction of Acanthopanacis senticosi polysaccharides(ASP) was investigated using orthogonal array design. The effects of different geographic origins and different harvesting times on polysaccharide content and antioxidant activity of crude ASPs from the leaves of Acanthopanacis senticosi were addressed.The phenol-sulfuric acid method was used for polysaccharide determination and the antioxidant activity of the ASP extract was tested by FRAP assay, pyrogallol autoxidation method and DPPH radical scavenging assay. The optimum conditions for the ultrasonic-assisted solvent extraction of ASP were found to be: extraction temperature 70 ℃ and ultrasonic power 500 W for 3-time extraction for 90 min each time. The polysaccharide contents of crude ASPs from different geographic origins were obviously different and decreased in the following order: Ershenchang ＞ Dahu ＞ Xinglong. With the harvesting time prolonged from June to August, crude ASPs from the same geographic origin exhibited an increasing trend in polysaccharide content;beyond September, an opposite pattern was observed. Antioxidant activity testing revealed that a total of 12 samples of crude ASPs from 3 geographic origins harvested during June-September, respectively were all strong antioxidants. The strongest antioxidant was the ASP extract from Ershenchang harvested in August.

Key words：Acanthopanacis senticosi；polysaccharides；extraction；antioxidant activity

多糖是指由10个或10个以上单糖聚合而成的一类生物大分子。研究发现多糖不仅具有抗癌、抗炎、抗病毒、抗衰老等多方面药理活性[1]，而且对物理的、化学的及生物来源的多种活性氧簇(ROS)具有良好的清除……