中图分类号Q958 文献标识码A 文章编号 1007-7731(2025)15-0078-04

DOI号 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.15.020

Analysisof the current situation and preventionand control measures ofpine wilt disease in Huanggang City

SHEN Hongxia ZHAN Weiguo (Huanggang Vocational and Technical College， Huanggang 438OO2， China)

AbstractPine wilt disease is aforest ailment caused by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus.The current damage status of pine wilt disease was investigated in the Huanggang region of Hubei Province，the reasons behind this situation and areas requiring improvement were analyzed，and comprehensive control measures were proposesd.From 2O2O to 2024， the preventionand control situationof pinewilt disease in the study areaexhibitedfluctuatingand recurring characteristics.Its repeated occurrence is associated with climaticchange，resistanceof pinetrees，pesticideresistance of vector insects，and the pine tree community structure.Thecontrol process of pine wood nematodes faces several challenges，including the need to enhance public awareness，improve monitoringand regulatory systems，optimize prevention mechanisms，and strengthen the integration of“prevention”and“control\".Based on these findings， comprehensive prevention and control measures are proposed. Specific measures include disseminating knowledge about Bursaphelenchus xylophilus tothe public through methodssuch as instaling informational signs，distributing brochures，and utilizing platforms like WeChat oficial accounts toraise awareness.An immediate and accurate detection and early warning system willbe constructed by integrating remote sensing imagery with ground surveydata. The“pine protection”campaign willbe implemented toimprove traceabilitymanagement mechanisms，while the establishment of arobust quarantine and system for infected wood willbe achieved through measures likeof infested trees.A cross-regionalcoordination mechanism willbe established to shareepidemic dataand create a joint prevention and control management system.Strengthening“treatment”willinvolve theuseof biological control (using natural enemy insects likeDastarcushelophoroidesand Sclerodermusspp.)，physical control (setingup traps)，andchemical controlmethods (suchastrunk injectionanddronespraying).Eforts to“modify”willbeenhanced through forest management practices，such as regulating stand density and increasing green coverage.This article provides a reference for the prevention and control of pine wood nematode disease.

Keywordspine wilt disease;damage status; key factors; integrated control

松材线虫病又称松树萎蔫病，是由松材线虫(Bursaphelenchusxylophilus)引起的森林病害。该病害对松林资源、自然景观和生态环境造成了一定的影响。针对松材线虫的防治已有大量研究。在松材线虫病遥感监测方面，童彤等联合主动微波与被动光学时间序列遥感影像数据，对该病进行遥感识别，在降低环境因素影响的同时追踪同一林分的时序变化特征，提高了松材线虫病探测的准确性；张晓东等2研究指出，结合空天数据融合、病害类别体系及数据集标准化和短周期长时序监测等方面的研究，可进一步促进松材线虫病遥感监测的实时化和智能化。在松材线虫病寄主植物抗性基因方面，王雅婷3分析了根际土壤微生物的差异性和拮抗作用，从中筛选出具有杀灭松材线虫作用的细菌；徐小美4成功克隆了马尾松中的 PmACRE 基因，该基因增强了马尾松对松材线虫病的防御能力；钟伟良等5研究发现，Bxymix-1基因对松材线虫的性别决定和生殖交配行为具有重要的调控功能；张宇等研究发现，乙醛脱氢酶(ALDH)与松材线虫卵发育有关。这些研究主要聚焦于植物的抗性基因挖掘与利用，从分子层面解析寄主一病原互作机制，为抗病育种和靶向药剂开发提供参考。在化学药剂防治方面，相关研究主要集中在高效复配制剂的研发方面，赵晓佳等研究表明，甲维盐和高效抗生素混合应用，可提高松材线虫病的防治效果；张娇等8研究发现，复配杀线虫剂 3% 氟吡菌酰胺·5% 甲维盐微乳剂有较强的毒力，可吸收性良好，防效好；……