中图分类号Q958 文献标识码A 文章编号 1007-7731（2025）15-0047-06

DOI号10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.15.012

Investigation ofwetland resourcesand analysis of protection countermeasures inAnhuiChineseAlligatorNationalNatureReserve

CHENG Xingxing

（Forestry Bureau of XuanchengDistrict，Xuancheng 242ooO，China）

AbstractTo comprehensively assess theecological status ofthe wetlands intheAnhui Chinese Aligator National Nature Reserve，this studyconducted investigations on water quality，wetland animal and plant resources，invasive speciesresources，etc.，in this area.Countermeasures for the areas that need improvementinthe monitoring work were proposed.Theresultsshowed that the water quality at monitoring points3，4，5and 6was relatively poor，with indicators such as ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen partly exceeding the standard;the wetland plant habitats in he study area were diverse，with 4 vegetation type groups，1O vegetation typesand85clusters.The birdspecies were relativelyrich，withatotalof13orders，27familiesand53species.Among them，Passeriformeshadthelargestnumber of birds，while non-Paseriformes have the largest numbers of Pelicans and Charadrians.Amphibians consisted of 2 orders，6 familiesand8 species，including Hoplobatrachus chinensis，Fejervarya multistriata，Pelophylax nigromaculatus，etc. There were 3 orders，7 familiesand9 species of reptiles，including Gloydius brevicaudus， Sinonatrixannularis，Zaocysdhumnades，etc.Benthicanimal biodiversity was relatively highand evenlydistributed， with3phyla，5classs，20familiesand38 species （genera）.There were 24 speciesof invasive alien plants from13 families，including Phytolaccaamericana，Dysphaniaambrosioides，Amaranthus hybridus，mostof which belong tothe Compositae family.Thereareareas inwetland protectionwork thatneedfurther improvement，suchaswater environment，scientific research and monitoring levels，andpublicpublicity.Based on this，suggestions such as strengthening ecological protectionand restoration，improving scientific monitoring，and enhancing publicity work are putforward to effectivelyprotectthebiodiversityintheresearcharea.Thisarticleprovidesareferenceforthescientific protection and breeding of Chinese alligators.

Keywords Chinese alligators;wetland resources;biodiversity; invasive species

自然保护区湿地资源调查在掌握区域生态状况、指导保护修复、促进可持续发展等方面发挥着关键作用。安徽扬子鳄国家级自然保护区 30^∘18^′- 31^∘18^′N，118^∘30^′-119^∘35^′E） 在生物多样性保护方面成效显著，其涵盖湿地、森林、水域等多种类型，为众多野生动植物提供了栖息地。该保护区处于皖南山区与长江下游平原的交界处，其由8个片区构成，分别为朱村片区、高井庙片区、杨林片区、红星片区、夏渡片区、双坑片区、中桥片区和长乐片区]。严许进等2研究发现，降低人类活动干扰程度，加强对中华秋沙鸭的保护宣传及科普宣教工作，有利于更好地保护中华秋沙鸭越冬种群和栖息地环境。汪荣研究认为，利用实地调查、资料收集、仪器测定等方法进行湿地监测，有助于科学评估重要湿地的动态变化情况和保护成效。为综合评估安徽扬子鳄国家级自然保护区湿地的生态现状，参照DB34/T3422—2019《省级重要湿地和一般湿地生态监测技术规程》，本研究对保护区的水质、湿地动植物资源、入侵物种资源展开调查，并针对监测工作中有待提升的环节提出对策，为科学保护繁育扬子鳄提供参考。

1材料与方法

1.1 研究区基本情况

1.1.1气候状况 研究区属中亚热带北缘气候类型，四季分明、气候温和、雨量适中、日照充足、无霜期长、偏东风多。该地年平均温度 15.9^∘C ，年平均最高气温 17^∘C ，年平均最低气温 15.4^∘C ；太阳辐射强烈，光能资源充足，年平均日照时数 2120.4h ，月平均日照时数 177.3h ；雨量充沛，年降水量1 297.4mm ，其中夏季降水量 475.1mm ，是全年降水量较多的季节；……