运动干预对维持性血液透析病人衰弱影响的Meta分析
2025-08-13唐雨婷唐雨婷齐淑明吴珍珍王菊英卢秀琴杨慧杰孔悦

AbstractObjective:Toevaluatetheinterventioneffectofexerciseinterventiononfrailtyinmaintenancehemodialysispatients. Methods:Theliteratureontheefectofexerciseinterventiononthefrailtylevelofmaintenancehemodialysispatientswasretrievedfrom databases suchas PubMed,WebofScience,CNKI,and WanFang Database.The search periodwas from the establishmentof the databasetoNovember224.Literaturesrenng,dataetractionandalityevaluationwereindependentlyconductedbytwoacrs. RevMan5.4softaresdptedretaanalsisResults:Atotalof2rticlesrecudednoling1475patient.esulsfte Meta-analysis show that exercise intervention can effectively improve the frailty state of patients(SMI )=-1.19,95%CI-1.74-0.64 , Plt;0.000 1 ).The results of subgroup analysis showed that aerobic resistance exercise(SMD ⋅1=-1.30,95%CI-2.19AA-0.41,P=0.004 ) with continuous intervention for l2 weeks(SMD =-1.92,95% CI -2.83--1.01, P=0.000 3),an intervention frequency of 2 or 3 times per week(SMD =-1.13 , 95% CI -1.80--0.45 , Plt;0.000 01 ),and a single exercise duration of ⩽30 minutes(SMD=-1.34, (204号 95% CI—2.21-—0.47, Plt;0.000 01 ) improved the frailty state of MHD patients better,and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusions:Existing evidence shows exerciseinterventioncanefectivelyimprovedthefrailtystateofMHDpatients.Continuous intervention for12 weeks,2 or 3 times per week,with each session lasting ⩽30 minutes,aerobic resistance exercise may havea better effect in improving the frailty of MHD.
Keywordsexercise intervention; maintenance hemodialysis; frailty; Meta-analysis; evidence-based nursing摘要目的:评价运动干预对维持性血液透析病人衰弱影响的干预效果。方法:检索PubMed、WebofScience、中国知网、万方数据库等中有关运动干预对维持性血液透析病人衰弱水平影响的文献。检索时限为建库至2024年11月。由2名研究人员独立进行文献筛选、数据提取与质量评价。采用RevMan5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果:共纳入文献20篇,涉及1475例病人。Meta分析结果显示,运动干预可有效改善病人衰弱状态[SM ID=-1.19,95%CI(-1.74,-0.64),Plt;0.0001]⨀ 。亚组分析结果显示,连续干预12周[SMI )=-1.92,95%CI(-2.83,-1.01),P=0.000 、干预频率为2次/周或3次/周[SN 1D=-1.13,95%CI(-1.80,-0.45),Plt; 0.00001]、单次运动时间 ⩽30min [SMD L= —1.34,95%CI(-2.21,-0.47), Plt;0.000 01 ]的有氧抗阻运动 ⋅SMD=-1.30,95%CI (204 (-2.19,-0.41),P=0.004] 改善MHD病人衰弱状态更佳,差异均有统计学意义。结论:现有证据表明,运动干预可有效改善MHD病人衰弱状态。连续干预12周、2次/周或3次/周、每次 ⩽30min 的有氧抗阻运动改善MHD衰弱效果可能更佳。
关键词运动干预;维持性血液透析;衰弱;Meta分析;循证护理doi:10.12102/j.issn.2095-8668.2025.14.001
衰弱是指老年人生理储备下降,机体易损性增加、抗应激能力衰退的状态或综合征[1]。衰弱以躯体衰弱为主要特点,表现为握力下降、运动耐力降低、体重减轻、疲乏与步速减慢[2]。研究证实,衰弱易致老年人发生跌倒,增加老年病人入院率与死亡率[3-4]。研究显示,全球老年衰弱患病率为 13.6%[5] 。调查显示,我国老年维持性血液透析(maintenancehemodialysis,MHD)病人衰弱患病率为 67.34%[6] 。终末期肾脏病病人受长期透析影响,机体常处于营养不良、微炎症状态,受炎症影响,MHD病人易发生肌少症,导致病人跌倒风险增加,促使衰弱的发生[7-8]。目前,衰弱预防与管理已成为血液透析病人健康促进领域的重要研究方向。尚未发现可有效改善MHD病人衰弱状态的药物,多以非药物干预为主[9。……
