关键词：碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料;纵-扭超声振动;细观仿真;材料去除机理;纤维方向角中图分类号：TH162；V258DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2025.04.013 开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Material Removal Mechanism of CFRP in Longitudinal-torsional Ultrasonic Milling Based on Mesoscopic Simulation Model

ZHANG ChaolREN Yinghui1，2*YU Xiaolin1LI Maojun²YU Chengyang²DU Xinliang1 1.School of Mechanical Engineering，Shenyang Ligong University，Shenyang，110159 2.College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering，Hunan University，Changsha，

Abstract： In order to reveal the material removal mechanism of CFRPs in longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic vibration milling，a simulation study of CFRP mesoscopic-cutting was carried out. The kinematic characteristics of longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic vibration miling were analyzed，and a 3D mesoscopic-cutting model of CFRPs was established. The fiber removal mechanism， matrix damage， chip morphology and cutting force of conventional cutting and longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic vibration cutting were compared under different fiber orientation angles. The results show that when the fiber orientation angle is 0^∘ ， the longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic vibration cutting impact characteristics accelerate the fiber bending processes，and the fiber removal mechanism at the cuting-edge changes from conventional rolling to scratching. When the fiber orientation angle is 45^∘ and 90^∘ ，the impact characteristics enhance the shear effects of the cutting-edge on the fiber，especially when the fiber orientation angle is 90^∘ . When the fiber orientation angle is 135^∘ ，the fiber removal mechanism changes from large area bending to local fracture.Longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic vibration miling is beneficial to restrain matrix damage，improve chip morphology and reduce heat accumulation in the cutting areas and decrease the average cutting forces. The experiments verify the accuracy of the simulation analysis.

Key words：carbon fiber reinforced polymer（CFRP）；longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic vibration; mesoscopic simulation；material removal mechanism； fiber orientation angle

0 引言

碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料（carbonfiberreinforcedpolymer，CFRP因强度高、质量小、耐腐蚀和抗疲劳性好等优势，在航空航天、汽车制造及医疗等领域得到了广泛应用[1]。为满足特定应用需求，CFRP构件常采用赋形、固化等一体化工艺制造。为保证零件的尺寸精度和装配要求，常需要对其进行铣削、钻削等二次加工[2-3]。CFRP材料宏观上表现非均质、各向异性及叠层结构等复杂特性，细观上由纤维、树脂及界面多相组成，导致切削过程中极易出现毛刺、分层和撕裂等加工损伤，影响其服役性能[4]。现有研究表明，纵-扭超声振动铣削能有效降低切削力，显著提高工件加工质量并减小刀具磨损[5-6]。纵-扭超声加工已成为CFRP构件铣边和钻孔切削研究领域热点[7-8]，切削机理研究可为其工艺优化提供理论支撑。

与各向同性、均质材料不同，CFRP的切削机理研究需要特别关注纤维方向角对纤维破坏、基体损伤及切屑形成的影响。齐振超等[9构建了三维多相CFRP直角切削模型，分析了不同纤维方向角下CFRP基体和纤维的失效形式、切屑形成过程等。YAN等[10]建立了单向CFRP三维微观正交切削模型，分别对纤维、基体和界面进行建模，模拟了纤维断裂、基体开裂和纤维与基体脱黏相关的失效机制。ABENA等[11采用不同的界面模拟方法对不同纤维方向角下切屑形成机制与界面损伤进行了模拟。WU等[12]基于ABAQUS建立了CFRP二维细观切削模型，分析了不同刃口半径下切削力、材料去除过程和面下损伤的变化规律。……