跨境冷链食品口岸查验与存储环节质量安全管控体系优化
2025-08-09董晓璇
Optimization of Quality and Safety Control System for Cross border Cold Chain Food Port Inspection and Storage
DONG Xiaoxuan (Yunnan Vocational College of Mechanical and Electrical Technology, Kunming 650201, China)
Abstract: Cross border cold chain food faces high safety risks and requires ports to carry out inspection and storage work. However, ports currently face many problems in quality and safety control of inspection and storage environments,suchas low ispection eficiency inthe inspection process,poor departmental coordination,low food testingtechnology,weak situationalawarenessinthe storageprocessincomplete food traceabilitysystem,incomplete Zoning storage system,and low emergencyresponse capabilities.In this regard,ports should start from multiple dimensions and systematically optimize the quality and safety control system of port inspection and storage links to effectively improve the overallsupervision effciencyand quality and safety assurance level of cross-border cold chain food.
Keywords: cross border cold chain food; inspection; storage; quality and safety control
随着社会经济的不断发展与生活水平的持续提高,人们的饮食需求发生了巨大变化,逐渐从“吃得饱”转变为“吃得好”。食品进出口贸易使全球各地的食品得以流入我国,走上人们的餐桌。根据华经产业研究院发布的数据,2024年我国食品进口金额为1885.04亿美元,位居世界首位。得益于冷库技术、冷藏车技术、保温盒技术、气调保鲜技术等冷链技术的发展,跨境冷链食品在进口食品中的占比不断提升[1]
跨境冷链食品包含肉禽蛋、水产品、乳制品、冷饮等易腐食品以及反季果蔬,存在较高的安全风险,易引发食品安全事件。因此,口岸应做好跨境冷链食品的查验与存储工作,建立健全跨境冷链食品查验与存储质量安全监控体系,保障跨境冷链食品的安全性。
1跨境冷链食品口岸查验与存储环节质量安全管控问题分析
1.1跨境冷链食品口岸查验环节质量安全管控问题
跨境冷链食品口岸查验环节的质量管控问题主要表现在以下3个方面。 ① 查验效率低下。冷链食品对查验效率有很高的要求,查验时间过长,会导致冷链温度波动,而冷链温度波动则是导致食品品质下降、引发食品变质的主要因素。查验效率低下和多方面因素有关,例如在食品查验中,未对食品风险等级进行合理划分,导致食品查验缺乏重点,影响了查验效率。 ② 部门协同性不佳。跨境冷链食品的安全风险较高,除海关外,检验检疫机构、市场监管部门乃至疾控中心等,均在食品查验中肩负着重要职责,多部门协同对于查验的顺利开展至关重要。……
