中图分类号：S791.222 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1673-923X（2025）07-0074-08

Multiple distribution of spatial structure parameters and tree competition of Larix gmelinii forest stand

ZHANG Wengang'，TIANYifan'，YANGYuchun2，ZHANG Peng'，GUJacun，YANGLixue'，JIANGYuxi，ZHANGKun，WANGLina’

（1.a.CollegeofForestry;b.EngineigandechologyResearchCentreforNorteastNativeTreeSpecies-NatioalForstyand Gralanddstratio;Keybatostiablertoegntstrucaioors University，Harbin50，Heilongjang，Cina;2.ForestrycademyofJilinProvince，Changcun3033，in，Ca; 3.Heilongjiang Yichun Forest Industry Refco Group Ltd， Yichun153ooo，Heilongjiang，China.）

Abstract：【Obective】ThemultipledistributionofspatialtructureparametersandthemodelsofresponsetothemofHegyindexofL. gmelinii natural forest，unmanaged plantationafter 30% intensity thinning，and plantation managed according to target treemanagement afterthinningwerestudiedinGreaterKinganmountais，tprovideasientfcasisforanindepthunderstandingoftheeterogeity of the spatial structure of L .gmelinii plantation and for the future management.【Method】 Taking the above three kinds of L gmelinii forestastheresearchobjects，the multipledistributionofspatial structureparameters wereanalysisedthroughtmingling degree， neighborhoodompaisonufogleindexopeningegreebasedoeelatioshipmongtheearestadacentrsaed this，thedistributioofHegyiindexofstadsisalyd.Result）Fromzeroelementdistrbutiotherestadswerinteea stateofseriouslackofgrowingspace，andthecropstandwas mixedatzerodegree withuniformdistribution.TheCKstand was weakly mixedwithrandomdistribution.Thenaturalstandwasmoderatelymixedwithnon-uniformdistribution;2）Fromtheone-dimesional distribution，teeeetrioiligeieoisplaatiouttreaslitleeiepablityf diferentminglingegeintenaturalstand.Tnaturalstadhdteostidividalsandolydistributed，andteopanddthe lowest.Threekindsofstandsereconcentratedinthegrowingspaceshortageorsriousshortage;3）Fromthequateriondistribution， treefrequenciesinthtestadsallpresentedpyaidaldstrbutioncenteedoandomisributio，erodegreemiingadious lackof growth space，withthemostconcentrated incropstandandthemostdispersedincropstand.Thecropstandwasthemost concentratedandthenaturalstandwasthemostdispersed.Therewasnosignfcantdiferenceinthefrequencydistributionofdiet neighborhoodcomparisonamong thespatialstructureparametercombinations;4）Thepeakvalueoftheindividuals withhigher Hegyi indexinthetreestandswasadomistrbution，eromixedandserouslysufietgrowthspaceandtheatioofigood comparisonTeompeitiotesityofnaturalstadwasoreinteselythanplantationforestssandnddiesifcantlyiho standslightlylessthancontrolstad【Conclusio】Testudyprovidesasientifcbasisforthediferenesofspatialstructueadtree competition between natural forestsand plantationsof the L .gmeliniiandtheeffectsof target treemanagement.Thespatial structure ofnaturalforestsisicertanthatofplantatiosndteompetitionitesityofaturalfrestsisghertatatofplatatios.e spatialstructureisoreitaryundertarettemaagement，weakenthompetitionintesityamongreseedtrsandprootete growthofindividualtree.Combinewiththepurposeofforestmanagement，thisstudyprovidesafeasiblemethodfordeterminingfelle tresandsowthattheHegyiindexdistributionbasednultivaratedistributionofspatialtructureontaimoreiformationanthe simpleHegyi index.

Keywords：Larix gmelini; spatial structure; target tree management; multiple distribution;treecompetition

森林结构与森林生态系统功能密切相关，合理的林分结构是森林生态功能和经济价值高效发挥的基础[1-2]。林分空间结构是林分结构中最有可能调控的因子，它描述了林分中的林木及其属性的关系，反映了林分的生长态势[3-5]。数年来，众多学者对林分空间结构开展了大量研究，惠刚盈等[系统地提出了基于4株最近相邻木关系的最佳林分空间结构描述方法，并构建了混交度、大小比数、角尺度和密集度4个空间结构参数，该描述方式目前较为常见。关于林分空间结构的结构参数零元分布和一元分布，只能描述林分的某一空间结构特征，为避免上述研究的局限性，众多学者相继采用了结构参数的二、三、四元分布，全面利用了上述4个空间结构参数描述空间结构信息[7-9]。目前，关于兴安落叶松的空间结构参数多元分布的研究少见，特别是其中的目标树经营林分。目标树经营旨在增加单木生长空间，促进林木生长。罗耀华等[利用参照木和相邻木之间的距离与树高之比定义了开敞度，该指标是为描述林分光照条件而提出，但同时能反映林木生长空间及其差异。开敞度能够较好地反映出目标树经营对单木生长空间的影响[11-12]，但将林分开敞度指标应用于林分空间结构多元分布的研究很少见。

植物体间的竞争与共存一直是生态学研究的核心问题。林木竞争大小的定量表达一般通过林木竞争指标来进行计算分析，国内外学者开展了大量关于树木竞争关系的研究。……