Abstract： The puppet figures in the Hidden Gauze Pavilion of the Qingxu Taoist Temple in Pingyao are the existing three-dimensional paper art works of relatively large scale and the most exquisite craftsmanship to date.They have adopted a variety of traditional Chinese crafts such as binding，pasting， paper-cuting， clay sculpture，and color painting. This research，aiming at the preservation environment， material characteristics and types of damages of the puppet figures in the Hidden Gauze Pavilion，selected the most commonly used and representative paste in the conservation and restoration of paper cultural relics for the screening of protective and restorative adhesives，and made improvements accordingly. Based on the analysis resultsof the material and craftsmanship of thecultural relics themselves，simulation experimental samples were prepared using bamboo paper and bast paper respectively. After the conservation and restoration with six diferentconcentration levelformulations of paste，eight relevant physical and chemical property tests and comparisons were carried out. It was screened out that the paste of Formula 3# has good appearance fidelity performance，mechanical reinforcement strength，anti-aging performance，acid and alkali resistance，anti-oxidation performance，anti-mildew performance and reprocessability，and is more suitable forthe conservation and restoration of the paper materials of the puppet figures in the Hidden Gauze Pavilion.

Keywords： The Hidden Gauze Pavilion figuresPaper binding Adhesive Wheat starch paste

一、引言

平遥清虚观位于山西省平遥县城东门内，始建于唐代，现为全国重点文物保护单位及县博物馆。收藏有清代光绪三十二年（1906）纸扎艺人许立廷制作的纱阁戏人，原有36阁，现存28阁。该文物以木阁为戏台（高77、宽83、人深44cm ），每阁展现一剧精彩场景，内置3＼～4个彩绘纸扎戏人（高 48～50cm ），融合扎制、剪纸、泥塑等传统工艺，生动还原戏曲经典（图一；图二）。纱阁戏人兼具国家一级文物和中国非物质文化遗产身份，是研究清代晋剧发展的重要实物见证，亦为中国古代多媒材立体纸扎艺术的代表

历经百年，纱阁戏人因老化、污染等病害导致纸质层残缺、断裂、颜料变色，泥塑颜料层龟裂、起甲、脱落，倾斜、倒塌现象明显，文物价值受损。因此，2013年至2022年，联合中国科学技术大学开展对纱阁戏人的保护修复研究，通过纤维仪、拉曼光谱、SEM-EDS、偏光显微镜等技术分析发现，纱阁戏人主体材质为优质竹纸、皮纸、草纸、宣纸等手工纸和少量机制纸[2；多件裹纸样品背面检测到淀粉残留，推测为黏结材料；纸质纤维断裂、分丝，积尘严重，黏合剂劣化明显。

按照文物保护“不改变文物原状”和“最小干预”的原则，立足于纱阁戏人本体制作材料和病害机理，经过对纸质文物保护修复常用的传统小麦淀粉浆糊和现代羧甲基纤维素（CMC）黏合剂材料进行综合考量，选择传统保护修复材料和技术——小麦淀粉浆糊及其应用作为研究对象。3-8]

二、实验部分

（一）实验……