中图分类号：S153 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1007-0435（2025）07-2078-1

doi：10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2025.07.004

引用格式：，等.氮添加对中国草地生物量和土壤有机碳含量影响的Meta分析[J].草地学报，2025，33（7）：2078-2089LIU Chang，CHEN Ji-shan，ZHURui-fen，et al.Meta-analysis of the Impactsof Nitrogen Adition on Biomas andSoil Organic Carbon Content of China Grasslands[J].Acta Agrestia Sinica，2O25，33（7）：2O78-2089

Meta-analysis of the Impacts of Nitrogen Addition on Biomass and Soil Organic Carbon Content of China Grasslands

LIU Chang1.2.3，CHEN Ji-shan23， ZHU Rui-fen2.3， SUN Wan-bin2，3， YAO Bo2，³，DONG Shui-ku1il4* （1.VeterinaryMedicineand Qinghai AcademyofAnimal Science，VeterinaryMedicineand AcademyofAnimalScience， QinghaiUniversityXining，QinghaiProvince8016，China;2.ChongqingAcademyofAnimalScience，Chongqing4246Cina; 3.PrataculturalEneigndtcoloesearchcnterofogig，ogg246ina；4oofrassandScieein ForestryUniversity，BeijinglOoo83，China）

Abstract：In order to explore the effects ofdifferent nitrogen addition states on grassland biomass，soil organic carbon（SOC），and microbial biomass carbon（MBC），a meta-analysis method was used to select 65 docu ments and 416 sets of data，and the effects of nitrogen addition conditions（Duration of Naddition，Rate of N addition and Duration of N addition），grassland types （Alpine grassland/meadow，desert grassand，typical grassland/meadow，meadow grassand），and climate factors （mean annual temperature （MAT），mean annual precipitation（MAP）） on the aboveground and belowground biomass，SOC and MBC of grassland ecosystems were investigated through subgroup analysis.The results showed that nitrogen application significantly affected grassland biomass and SOC；both urea and NH₄NO₃ nitrogen application significantly increased aboveground and underground biomass and SOC content （ .Plt;0.05 ；the durationofNaddition was more than5years，and the biomass，SOC and MBC contents increased. In grasslands with MAT gt;0^∘C ，aboveground and underground biomass and SOC content increased after nitrogen application. Therefore，when conducting nitrogen addition in grassland ecosystems，the effects of both biotic and abiotic factors on soil organic carbon should be considered.The research findings have important implications for the scientific formulation of grassland conservation and management strategies.

Key words：Nitrogen adition;Soil organic carbon; Grassland ecosystem; Biomass;Mean annual temperature; Mean annual precipitation

近年来，全球大气氮沉降速率逐年增加，预计到2050年将比工业革命前增加近3倍1]。我国作为全球三大氮沉降区之一[2]，大气氮沉降对生物多样性丧失、土壤酸化[3]和陆地生态系统中的碳和氮循环产生了严重影响[4-5]

在我国，草地面积约占国土面积的 41%^[6] ，草地生态系统在全球碳氮循环和气候变化中发挥重要作用，草地碳储量约占我国陆地生态系统总碳储量的 40%¹⁷ 。研究表明，氮沉降（氮添加）会影响植物群落多样性[8]、土壤理化性质[9-10]、土壤微生物群落结构、功能及作用过程[11-12]。氮沉降对土壤有机碳的影响呈现多元化，既能激发正效应，促进有机碳积累，也能表现出中性作用，对有机碳库影响甚微，此外也会加速有机碳分解[13]。有研究表明，氮沉降（氮添加）抑制了微生物活性[14]，增加土壤碳氮矿化速率[15]，进而引起草地生态系统结构组成与功能的改变[12.16]。但长期氮添加会提高微生物活性，加速有机养分的分解，从而使有机碳含量下降[17-18]。氮输入使得有机养分的输人与有机养分的分解相平衡，从而对土壤有机碳含量无显著影响[19]。氮沉降（氮添加）通过增加土壤有效氮，增加植物比叶面积、促进植物光合酶的合成，进而提高植物光合作用，提高草地地上生物量[20-21]和调落物量，从而增加土壤有机碳的含量[22]。这种促进作用在草地生态系统中尤为显著，因为草地植物对氮素的需求较高。……