doi：10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2025.07.013

引用格式：，等.人工辅助恢复对三江源区草地土壤理化性质和土壤微生物的时间影响[J].草地学 报，2025，33（7） ：2172—2183 SUN Ran，QI Xue-zhong，KAZHUO cairang，et al. Temporal Effects of Artificially Assisted Restoration on Soil Physicochemical Propertiesand SoilMicroorganismsofGrasslands intheSanjiangyuanArea[J].ActaAgrestia Sinica， 2025，33（7）：2172—2183

关键词：人工辅助恢复草地；恢复年限；土壤理化性质；微生物群落中图分类号：S154.4 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1007-0435（2025）07-2172-12

Temporal Effects of Artificially Assisted Restoration on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Soil Microorganisms of Grasslands in the Sanjiangyuan Area

SUN Ran ^1，4 ，QI Xue-zhong²，KAZHUO cairang²，ZHOUHua-kun³，LIHong-lin4*

（1.CollegeoftalEiigeityQra;snda

MongolisAutonomousCounty，HuangnanQinghaiProvince8599，China；3.KeyLaboratoryofRestorationEcologyforColdRegions LaboratoryinQinghai，NorthwestInstituteofPateauiology，ChineseAcademyofSciene，Xinning，QinghaiProvince8oCina; 4.StateKeyLaboratoryofPlateauEcologyandAgriculture，Qinghai University，Xining，QinghaiProvince8lool6，China）

Abstract：In orderto investigate the influences ofrestoration periodon microbial and physicochemical properties of soil in artificially restored grassland in the Sanjiangyuan area，the changing rulesof soil physicochemical properties and microbial communities under four restoration periods（2，5，8and1O a）were analyzed by taking the artificially restored grassland in Henan and Mongolia Autonomous County，Qinghai Province，as the study object.The results demonstrated adecreasing tendency firstly forsoil nutrients，including soil organic carbon， total nitrogen，available phosphorus and ammonium nitrogen，and then increased with the prolongationof the years ofrestoration of the artificial restored grassland.The bacterial community exhibited the greatest diversity inthe grassand soil following two years of restoration，while the fungi demonstrated the highest diversity fol lowing ten years of restoration. At the phylum level，the dominant bacterial phyla were Proteobacteria，Actinobacteria，Bacteroidota，Acidobacteriota and Gemmatimonadota，collectively accounting for 85.98% .The dominant fungal phyla were Ascomycota and Basidiomycota，which colectively accounted for 83.98% of the total relative abundance.At the genus level，the abundance of most beneficial bacteria exhibited an increasing trend with the extension of recovery years，including Sphingomona and Mortierella，as well as other beneficial genera. This study found that by constructing artificial grassland could increase soil nutrients and improve soil microbial community structure of degraded grassland in general，which could provide a basis for the scientific management of artificially restored grassland in Sanjiangyuan District.

Key words： Artificially asisted restoration of grassland; Years of restoration;Soil physicochemical properties; Microbial community

青藏高原被誉为世界屋脊，在气候调节、水源涵养和牧业生产方面等多方面发挥着重要的作用[。由于气候变暖和人类的过度开发和利用，我国高寒草地已经严重退化2，环境恶化带来的后果也已逐渐显现，因此，草原生态系统的修复已成为当务之急。为了解决这一严重的生态问题，近年来不断有学者提出有关退化草地修复的建议和措施[3，并进行了大量有关退化草地恢复的工作。

草地生态恢复是一项复杂且艰巨的任务，需要系统且长期的工程来实现。草地补播是在尽可能减少对原有草地生态植被影响的同时，进行退化草地修复的一种措施4。这是改良退化草地最常见、最简单、最有效的措施之一[5]。经人工补播后，退化草地的植被盖度、生物量，禾本科牧草比例和根冠比都会显著提高土壤容重降低，孔隙度变大，含水量提高，酸碱度显著降低，土壤酶活性以及土壤中的全氮、硝态氮、全磷、速效磷和速效钾都得到了更好的调控[7-8]。在青海湖区退化高寒草原修复试验中补播措施下土壤有机碳和全钾含量均显著高于原生芨芨草样地[9]，对退化草甸草原草地补播2年后其土壤碳储量显著提高。通过补播，土壤微生物生物量中的碳、氮含量有所提升，微生物的活性和丰度也会增加[10]。……