不同菌酶处理对水稻秸秆青贮品质和体外发酵特性的影响
2025-08-03张现东李靖肖海翔夏敏侯鹏霞肖定福
中图分类号:S816.53 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1007-0435(2025)07-2380-08
引用格式:,等.不同菌酶处理对水稻秸秆青贮品质和体外发酵特性的影响[J].草地学报,2025,33(7): 2380-2387 ZHANG Xian-dong,LI Jing,XIAO Hai-xiang,et al. Effects of Diffrent Microbial Enzyme Treatments on Silage Qualityand InVitroFermentationCharacteristicsofRiceStraw[J].ActaAgrestia Sinica,2O25,33(7):2380-2387
Effects of Different Microbial Enzyme Treatments on Silage Quality and In Vitro Fermentation Characteristics of Rice Straw
ZHANG Xian-dongl,LI Jing1 ,XIAO Hai-xiang1,XIA Min1 ,HOU Peng-xia²,XIAO Ding-ful* (1.CollegefalieeadchologHunaculUiesityueluaboatoraghaHuanrce; 2.InstituteofAnimalScience,NingxiaAcademyofAgricultureandForestrySiences,inchuanNingxia75o,China)
Abstract:In orderto screen out the better combination ofbacteriaand enzymes for fermented rice straw,in this experiment rice straw silage was randomly divided into 5 groups : CK group (0.1g⋅kg-1 Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus),CH group (0.5g⋅kg-1 cellulase, 0.5g⋅kg-1 hemicellulase and 0.1g⋅kg-1 Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus),L group(laccase 1g⋅kg-1 and 0.1g⋅kg-1 Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus),CHL group(1 g⋅kg-1 cellulase,hemicellulase,laccase compound enzyme preparation and 0.1g⋅kg-1 Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus),U group ( 3% urea and 0.1g⋅kg-1 Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus). After 45 days,the bags were opened for analysis.The results showed that the contents of neutral detergent fiberand acid detergent fiber in CH,L and CHL groups were significantly lower than those in CK group ( ⋅Plt;0.05 ).The crude protein content of CH and U groups was significantly higher than that of CK group ( ⋅Plt;0.05) .Compared with CK group,the total gas production of each experimental group at 72h increased significantly (
. The contents of volatile fatty acids and total volatile fatty acids in the experimental group werealso significantly increased( Plt;0.05) . It can be seen that diferent bacterial enzyme treatments under the conditions of this experiment can improve the nutritional value of rice straw,and the CH group has the best effect.
Key Words:Rice straw;Synergistic fermentation of enzyme;Ruminants;Volatile fatty acids;In vitro rumen fer mentation
我国是水稻(OryzasatiuaL.)生产大国,2022年我国水稻秸秆总产量约为2.08亿t[1]。水稻广泛分布于我国南方地区,是潜力巨大的粗饲料资源2]。水稻秸秆存在蛋白含量低、纤维含量高、消化利用率低、易霉变等问题,这些因素限制了其在反刍动物的应用[3]。因此如何提高水稻秸秆的营养价值和消化利用率,从而为反刍动物提供粗饲料资源,成为当下亟需解决的问题之一。
青贮是改善秸秆的发酵品质、营养价值、提高家畜生产性能的有效途径,将水稻秸秆青贮处理可以减少营养成分损失,延长储存时长,改善其适口性,从而提高其在反刍动物生产中的应用价值[4]。但常规青贮对纤维的降解能力有限5,因此,近年来部分研究使用多种青贮添加剂来改善发酵品质,青贮常见的青贮添加剂包括纤维素酶、漆酶、植物乳杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和乳酸菌等[6-8]。纤维素酶(Cellulase)作为一种生物催化酶,可以加速植物细胞壁中纤维素的降解,破坏相邻链的羟基之间形成分子间键,释放蛋白质等营养物质[9]。半纤维素酶(Hemicellulases)能够破坏植物细胞壁的半纤维素结构,使植物细胞壁中丰富的碳水化合物分解为更易吸收的可溶性单糖[10]。漆酶(Laccase)是具有多种功能的催化氧化剂,能够有效降解木质素的酚类成分,是绿色高效的生物催化剂[11]。枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillussubtilis)能提高青贮有氧稳定性,抑制不良菌群的生长,降低饲料原料中抗营养因子含量,提升饲料营养价值[12]。……
