中图分类号：X171.1；Q948 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1007-0435（2025）07-2262-15

doi：10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2025.07.021

引用格式：，等.尕海湿地植物多样性与生态系统多功能性关系沿水盐梯度的变化[J].草地学报， 2025，33（7） ：2262—2276 LONGZHU Duojie， ZHANG Xu-ping，LIU Qiang，et al. Relationships Between Plant Diversity and Ecosystem MultifunctionalityAlongaWater-Salt Gradientinthe Gahai Wetland[J].Acta AgrestiaSinica，2O25，33（7）：22622276

Abstract：The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between plant diversity and ecosystem multi functionality. Taking Qinghai Delingha Gahai National Wetland Park as the object，K-means clustering method was used to divide three water and salt gradients of high，medium and low，and the changes of environmental factors，plant species diversity，functional diversity and ecosystem multifunctionality were analyzed．The results showed that there were significant diferences in plant diversity index and functional richness index under three Water and salt gradients.The value of low water and low salt environment was the largest，and the value ofhigh waterand high salt environment was the smalest.Thecorelation between plant diversity and functional diversity decreased with the decrease of water and salt gradient. Among the abiotic factors，soil conductivity played a decisive role in the multifunctionalityof the ecosystem，and soil moisture content indirectlyafects it. Among the biological factors，the efect of functional diversityon ecosystem multifunctionality is greater than thatof species diversity.In summary，the water-salt gradient significantly affects plant diversity and ecosystem function，which is of great significance to the protection of Gahai wetland.

Key Words：GahaiLake; Water-salt gradient;Plantdiversity;Plantcommunitysuccesion;Ecosystemmultifunctionality

湿地作为水陆生态系统相互作用过程中形成的一种过渡性自然综合体，是地球上单位面积提供最丰富生态服务价值、最具生物多样性保护意义的生态系统之—[1-3]。湿地不仅有调节气候、储存水资源的功能，在维持生物多样性等生态系统服务价值功能方面也能发挥重要作用[4-6]。近年来，在全球气候变化和人类活动干扰等多重因素的共同影响下，水污染、植被退化等问题频发，随之而来的是生物多样性丧失、气候变化以及湿地逐渐消失，或演变成沙漠，或如青藏高原的部分地区演变为盐池[7-8]。干旱区湿地自然生态系统结构的巨大改变严重影响了生态系统功能与服务。

生物多样性在维持生态系统功能和服务的过程中扮演至关重要的角色[9，并对全球变化以及环境的干扰的响应非常敏感。生物多样性的变化，将严重影响物质循环、能量流动等生态系统功能以及提供给人类的生态系统服务[10-11]。干旱区湿地作为我国重要的生态功能区，同时也是生态脆弱区，生物多样性一旦遭到破坏便很难恢复，并会进一步影响到整个自然生态系统的功能[12-13]。因此，十分有必要理解生物多样性与生态系统功能（Biodiversityandecosystem functioning，BEF）间的关系[14]。随着研究的深人，越来越多的研究结果表明，生态系统功能是多维的，生物多样性能同时对多个生态系统功能产生影响，仅考虑单一的生态系统功能，一方面会忽视不同生态系统功能间的权衡关系[15]；……