中图分类号］D231；K265 [文献标志码]A[文章编号]1003-3815（2025）-02-0079-16

The Development and Construction of Wired Telephone Networks in the Anti-Japanese Base Areas of North China： Focusing on the Jin-Cha-Ji， Taihang， and Taiyue Regions

Qi Xiaolin

Abstract：The wired telephones in the anti-Japanese base areas in North China played a crucial role in aspects such as information transmission，combat command，and the development of the base areas.The experience accumulated in using wired telephones during theRed Army period，along with the infrastructure established inNorth China before the outbreak of the National War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression，laid the foundation for theinitialdevelopment of telephone networks in North China.As the wartime situation evolved，the planning and utilizationof wired telephone networksunderwent continuousadjustments.The establishment of comprehensive systems and regulations for the construction，maintenance，management，and operation of wired telephone services marked the basic completion of telephone networks acrossthe anti-Japanese base areas in North China.This process reflected the CPC’s modern consciousness regarding material and technological development as wel as its capacity to utilize modern technology in service of the revolutionary war.

抗战时期，八路军在华北构建了较为完备的通信体系，包括无线通信、有线通信、简易通信和人力通信等。各种通信技术运用的场景有所不同，无线通信较少受到空间限制，有线通信则需要较为稳定的空间。因此，有线电话更多运用于根据地内部信息的传输。1941年，在平西和八路军作战的日军对根据地有线电话网评价称：“尽管是在崇山峻岭之中，但从根据地中心到末端都架设了电话线，充分体现出要收集情报、贯彻命令的意图。”①1944年7月，中央军委作战部第三局指出：“已巩固建立起来的根据地内部与边围，有普遍的长途电话网，成为情报通信网的主要联络工具”，“从每个根据地内部联络来说，超过了无线电通信的作用”②。

作为现代化的通信技术，有线电话如何进人中共领导的敌后战场，有线电话网怎样发展和构建，学界尚无详尽研究①。有鉴于此，本文，考察中共华北抗日根据地有线电话网的发展和构建，进而呈现敌后战场与现代技术之间的关系。

、主观因素和客观基础

华北抗日根据地有线电话网的兴起有两个渊源。一是红军时期，中共军队已将有线电话用于作战指挥，积累了经验。二是全民族抗战前，华北地区有线电话已有所发展。前者可称为主观因素，后者可称为客观基础。

大革命失败后，武装斗争成为中共革命的重要内容。此时，中共武装力量尚在初创阶段，较为分散，武器装备皆无定制，南昌起义部队的通信分队没有成建制保留下来。……