谢丽梅 斯钦布和

摘要：通过对绥远城将军满文奏折的深入研究，详细梳理了该城设立满蒙官学的经过，其中包括将军补熙的奏请、军机处的审议以及皇帝的批准等过程，分析了绥远城官学教育的主要内容，如培养目标、课程设置、教学管理等方面，指出绥远城官学在培养满蒙翻译人才和选拔笔帖式方面发挥了重要作用。此外，对绥远城的书院与义学进行了简要介绍，包括启秀书院、古丰书院和启运书院的创办背景、课程设置以及教育目标等，这一研究揭示了绥远城八旗教育的发展脉络，为了解清代边疆地区的教育制度进行了有益的探索。

关键词：绥远城；满文奏折；官学教育；书院；义学

中图分类号：K249;H221;E291文献标识码：A文章编号：2095-6916（2024）12-0146-04

The Manchu Memorials to the Throne from the Gerneral of Suiyuan City and Eight Banners Education

Xie Limei1Siqin Buhe2

（1. Department of Humanities and Tourism， Hohhot Vocational College， Hohhot 010070; 2. Hohhot Museum， Hohhot， 010010）

Abstract： Through an in-depth research on the generals Manchu memorials to the throne of Suiyuan city， this paper studies the process of setting up the Manchu-Mongolian official school， which included processes such as the general Buxis formal request to the emperor， the deliberation of the Office of Military and Political Affairs， and the emperors approval， and analyzes the main contents of the official  school education in the Suiyuan city such as the cultivation goal， curriculum design， teaching management. It points out that the official school there played an important role in the cultivation of Manchu-Mongolian translation talents and the selection of the clerk. In addition， a brief introduction is made to the schools and free private school in Suiyuan city， including the founding backgrounds， curriculum design and educational goals of Qixiu Academy of Classical Learning， Gufeng Academy of Classical Learning， and Qiyun Academy of Classical Learning. This study reveals the development of the Eight Banners education in Suiyuan city， and is a useful exploration of the education system in the frontier areas of the Qing Dynasty.

Keywords： Suiyuan city; Manchu Memorials to the throne; official school education; Academy of Classical Learning; Yi school

中华民族建构的过程中，用民族文字记录的档案文献在实现民族认同、传播民族文化方面有着不容忽视的作用。在丰富的满文档案中有大量清代设立官学的记载。对于清代满文档案的研究，前辈学者们已经进行过一些研究，也取得了一些成果。但仍有一些方向有待进一步研究。本文主要利用绥远城将军满文奏折，着重对绥远城设立满蒙官学具体时间和旗人教育的普遍推行等问题做一简述。

一、绥远城将军满文奏折中的官学

在清代乾隆二年（1737年），绥远城开始修建，乾隆四年（1739年）竣工，清廷命名其为“绥远城”。右卫建威将军移驻绥远城，并将其称号改为绥远城建威将军，王常（或写为王昌）担任第一任绥远城建威将军。……