陈希 王玉武

摘要：“治”是中国法律文化中较少研究的一个重要符号。近年以来“气候—文化”影响模式的研究不断深化，多学科共同探讨法律文化成为可能，扩展了法律文化研究的深度和广度。通过对全新世海平面的研究，可以解释构成中国古代信仰和集体经历的传说。传说中的人类治水的活动造就国家和法律文化，也造就了“治”与卡里斯玛权威的联系。汤武革命破坏了卡里斯玛权威，也使得“治”摆脱了神秘，成为了人为的事宜。在诸多“治”中，“治”与“法”结合，形成了对今日影响最大的“法治”这个符号。这个研究也提醒我们，在全球变暖的气候大变局下，“治”仍然有着现实意义。

关键词：“治”符号；“气候—文化”影响模式；卡里斯玛权威；法治

中图分类号：G122;D909.2文献标识码：A文章编号：2095-6916（2024）12-0067-05

“Governance”： Climate， Flood and Chinese Legal Culture

Chen Xi1，2，3Wang Yuwu3，4

（1. School of Law， Yibin University， Yibin 644000;2. Administrative Law Professional Committee， Chongqing Bar Association， Chongqing 400000; 3. Tahota Law Firm， Chongqing 401120;4. Execution and Disposal of Non-performing Assets Professional Committee， Chongqing Bar Association， Chongqing 400000）

Abstract： “Governance” is a significant symbol in Chinese legal culture that is less studied. In recent years， the research on the “climate-culture” impact model has been deepening， which makes it possible for multidisciplinary collaboration research on legal culture， thus expanding the depth and breadth of the research. Through the study of the Holocene sea levels， it can interpret the legends that constitute the beliefs and collective experiences of ancient China. Legends depicting human efforts in water governance not only contributed to the formation of the national and legal culture but also established a connection between “governance” and Charismatic authority. The Tang-Wu Revolution overthrew the Charismatic authority and made “governance” less mysterious and more of a human affair. Among various “governance”， the combination of “governance” and “law” has resulted in the symbol of “rule of law”， which is the most influential symbol today. This study also serves as a reminder that the concept of “governance” continues to have practical significance in the context of global climate upheaval of climate warming.

Keywords： governance; climate-culture impact model; Charismatic authority; rule of law

从先秦以来，“治”就是一个重要的书写符号。晚清以来，除了传统可见的法治、人治、礼治、德治、治人、治法以外，还出现民治、党治、自治等新词汇。在当代最常见的除了“依法治国”，还扩张到了地方行政建制，乃至各个法人团体，如“依法治（省、市、区、校、企……）”。

为何“治”，能获得如此巨大影响力？参考程燎原的研究，“治”这个符号是中国传统法律思想的核心［1］。

一、气候与法律文化影响模式

我们可以在中国法律文化这个大的范畴中，发现一个独特的文化符号：“治”。一方面“治”是中国法律现象中一个特定习俗和信仰；另一方面“治”意味着有终极目的或者提升。此文化在中国传统法律文化的源头上有着不可替代的地位。