孟荣 徐帆 王绪伦

摘要：采用随机抽样法，使用学习压力问卷、积极心理资本和学习倦怠量表对1 557名大学生进行调查。结果显示，积极心理资本与学习压力、学习倦怠呈显著负相关，学习压力与学习倦怠呈显著正相关；回归分析，学习压力和积极心理资本对学习倦怠有显著预测作用。中介效应检验表明，积极心理资本在学习压力和学习倦怠之间起部分中介作用。结论：医学生学习压力通过心理资本影响学习倦怠，提高医学生的积极心理资本，可有效缓解学习压力，减少学习倦怠，促进学习成效和心理健康。

关键词：医学生；积极心理资本；学习压力；学习倦怠；中介作用

中图分类号：G442文献标识码：A文章编号：2095-6916（2024）12-0116-05

The Relationship Between Learning Pressure and Learning Burnout Among Medical College Students

—The Mediating Role of Positive Psychological Capital

Meng RongXu FanWang Xulun

（Chengdu Medical College， Chengdu 610500）

Abstract： A random sampling method was used to survey 1 557 college students using the Learning Stress Questionnaire， the Positive Psychological Capital and the Learning Burnout Scale. The result indicates that positive psychological capital is significantly negatively correlated with learning burnout and learning pressure while learning pressure is significantly positively correlated with learning burnout， and the regression analysis shows that learning pressure and positive psychological capital have a significant predictive effect on learning burnout. The mediation effect test shows that positive psychological capital partially mediates the relationship between learning pressure and learning burnout. The conclusion is that the learning pressure of medical students affects learning burnout through psychological capital and improving the positive psychological capital of medical students can effectively alleviate learning pressure， reduce learning burnout and promote learning effectiveness and mental health.

Keywords： medical college students; positive psychological capital; learning pressure; learning burnout; mediating effect

随着社会的发展和医学技术的不断更新，医学教育正迅速成为一个独立的关注点［1］。然而，研究发现，医学生学习倦怠发生率高达33%—55%［2］，相比非医学专业学生更严重［3］。学习倦怠是指学生由于长期的学业压力和负担，对学业和活动的热情逐渐消失，对同学的态度变得冷漠而疏远，对学业持消极态度的心理现象［4］。医学生学业周期长、课业负担重、学习压力大，学习压力是导致其学习倦怠的主要原因［5］。学习过程中主体和客体或内外环境之间的矛盾所产生的不舒服的体验被称为学习压力［6］。长期的学习压力会导致身体疲劳、乏力、头痛、胃痛等身体不适；过度的学习压力可能会导致学习效率降低，最终影响学业成绩（Hamaideh，2011），并使医学生缺乏社交活动，导致孤独、抑郁和对未来就业前景的不安全感，从而增加就业压力。……