摘要：随着公私融合的民法典时代到来，公权力无论是基本立场还是发展趋势上都必须作出积极回应。从公权与私权的关系中，把握政府“能为”和“不能为”的边界，明晰“应当为”的职责：即保障权利实施和平衡私权冲突；从政府、市场、社会三者的关系中，聚焦政府如何“做好”，加快转变政府职能，对此民法典提出了一系列新要求：构建合意自治的市场机制，进行积极有为的政府干预，确立多元主体的协商共治；从观念、规则、机制的角度，法治政府建设要实现有限政府与有为政府的双重构建，这包括实现民法理念的价值融通，权力规范的立法衔接，权力运行的机制完善。

关键词：民法典；法治政府；有限政府；有为政府

中图分类号：D922.1;D923文献标识码：A文章编号：2095-6916（2024）12-0088-04

From Good Law to Good Governance

—The Construction of a Law-based Government in the Era of Civil Code

Zou Dian

（Department of Law Teaching and Research， Party School of the Shaoyang Committee of CPC， Shaoyang 422000）

Abstract： With the advent of the era of the Civil Code that integrates public and private right， the public power must respond positively both in terms of its basic position and the development trend. From the relationship between public and private rights， the boundaries of what the government “can do” and “cant do” can be grasped to clarify the responsibilities of “should do”， namely， guaranteeing the rights implementation and to balance the conflict of private rights; focusing on how the government “does well” to accelerate the transformation of government functions from the relationship between the government， the market and society. In this regard， the Civil Code has put forward a series of new requirements： constructing a consensual and autonomous market mechanism to carry out active government intervention and to establish the consultation and jointnomy of multiple subjects; achieving the dual construction of a limited government and a promising government in the building of a law-based government from the aspects such as concept， rules and mechanism， which includes the realization the value of the concepts of the civil law， the legal convergence of the power regulation and the improvement of the mechanism for the power function.

Keywords： Civil Code; a law-based government; the limited government; the promising government

目前，我国法治政府建设进入了攻坚期［1］，实现了法治政府建设的党政同责。在党的十八届四中全会公报以及二十大报告中都突出强调了法治政府建设在全面依法治国战略布局中的重要性，提出了“法治政府建设是全面依法治国的重点任务和主体工程”［2］的论断。

《中华人民共和国民法典》（以下简称《民法典》）是我国第一部以法典命名的法律，是新时代我国社会主义法治建设的重大成果，同时也对法治政府建设提出了新目标、新要求。习近平总书记在十九届中央政治局第二十次集体学习时明确指出，“各级政府要以保证民法典有效实施为重要抓手推进法治政府建设，把民法典作为行政决策、行政管理、行政监督的重要标尺。……