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非酒精性脂肪性肝病与相关肝细胞肝癌研究进展

2024-06-21王玉洁覃后继易廷庄黄嘉伟

中国医学创新 2024年14期

王玉洁 覃后继 易廷庄 黄嘉伟

*基金项目:广西自然科学基金项目(2020GXNSFAA297170);2020年百色市科学研究与技术开发计划-新冠肺炎病毒感染防治专项项目(百科20203215)

【摘要】 非酒精性脂肪性肝病(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)是一种以肝脏脂肪沉积为主的代谢性疾病,可导致肝脏脂肪变性、肝硬化及肝细胞肝癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)的发生发展。NAFLD与NAFLD相关HCC有着相似的多元化发病机制:胰岛素抵抗、脂肪代谢、遗传易感性、免疫失调、肠道菌群紊乱、铁沉积等。近些年随着NAFLD的患病率的增加,NAFLD相关HCC患病率也逐年增加,因此提早监测预防NAFLD相关HCC发生显得尤为重要。本文综述了NAFLD相关HCC的流行病学、发病机制、监测及预防,为认识NAFLD相关的HCC现状及预防奠定了基础。

【关键词】 非酒精性脂肪性肝病 肝细胞肝癌 分子机制 疾病进展

Research Progress of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma/WANG Yujie, QIN Houji, YI Tingzhuang, HUANG Jiawei. //Medical Innovation of China, 2024, 21(14): -178

[Abstract] Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a metabolic disease dominated by fat deposition in the liver, which can lead to the occurrence and development of hepatic steatosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). NAFLD and NAFLD-related HCC share similar diversified pathogenesis, including insulin resistance, fat metabolism, genetic susceptibility, immune dysregulation, intestinal flora disorder, iron deposition, and so on. In recent years, with the increase of the prevalence of NAFLD, the prevalence of NAFLD-related HCC has also increased year by year, so early monitoring and prevention of NAFLD-related HCC are particularly important. This article reviews the epidemiology, pathogenesis, surveillance and prevention of NAFLD-related HCC, which lays a foundation for understanding the current situation and prevention of NAFLD-related HCC.

[Key words] Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Hepatocellular carcinoma Molecular mechanisms Progression of disease

First-author's address: Graduate School of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2024.14.041

非酒精性脂肪性肝病(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)因在全球迅速地增长,变得越来越普遍,全球成年人群中NAFLD患病率占25%~30%[1],NAFLD逐渐成了全世界慢性肝病的最常见病因。该疾病的范围包括单纯性脂肪变性(steatosis simplex,SS)、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(nonalcoholic steatohepatitis,NASH),病程中的肝脏炎症和纤维化加剧可导致罹患肝细胞肝癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)风险增加。与NAFLD相关的全球HCC发病率预计将从2016年的47%增加到2030年的130%,NAFLD相关HCC发病机制是多因素的随着NAFLD患病数的增多,NAFLD相关HCC患病数也不断增多[2]。近年来,NAFLD相关HCC流行病学、发病机制、监测及预防等方面取得了一定的进展。因此,本文对NAFLD导致HCC的流行病学、发病机制、监测及预防做进一步的总结。

1 NAFLD相关HCC流行病学

NAFLD是目前最常见的慢性肝病之一,据估计,到2027年美国、日本和欧盟5国(英国、法国、德国、意大利和西班牙)NASH的患病人数将达到1 800万[3]。……

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