金属材料表面发射率测量装置的设计与应用
2024-06-21黄锦冬史玉豪陈孟涛戴彭宇吴传书梁博李圣慧张航
黄锦冬 史玉豪 陈孟涛 戴彭宇 吴传书 梁博 李圣慧 张航



摘 要:【目的】针对测量管壳式热交换器的管束表面发射率精度低、成本高的问题,设计了测量金属材料表面发射率的装置,提出测量金属材料表面发射率的方法。【方法】该装置结合温度平滑算法后,可以对设备全工作状态时被测材料表面发射率进行测量。【结果】使用该方法对块状钢材样品在200~500 ℃温度区间内进行测试,结果表明,标准算法下的温度仍然存在波动,且会造成发射率的振荡。而采用优化算法对于噪声和发射率有明显的平滑作用,即使面对外部环境扰动也有足够的抗性。【结论】研究结果可为相关设备炉内温度的精确测量提供参考。
关键词:表面发射率;碳钢;辐射传热;连续测量
中图分类号:TG806 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1003-5168(2024)08-0044-06
DOI:10.19968/j.cnki.hnkj.1003-5168.2024.08.009
Design and Application of Surface Emissivity Measuring Device for
Metallic Materials
HUANG Jindong1 SHI Yuhao1 CHEN Mengtao1 DAI Pengyu1 WU Chuanshu1
LIANG Bo1 LI Shenghui1 ZHANG Hang1,2
(1.School of Aviation and Transportation, Jiangsu College of Engineering and Technology, Nantong 226006, China; 2.Liupanshui Shuangyuan Aluminum Industry Limited, Liupanshui 553022, China)
Abstract: [Purposes] In response to the problem of low accuracy and high cost of measuring the surface emissivity of tube bundles in shell-and-tube heat exchangers, this paper designed a device for measuring the surface emissivity of metal materials and proposed a method for measuring the surface emissivity of metal materials. [Methods] The device combined with a temperature smoothing algorithm can provide measurement of the surface emissivity of the material under test when the equipment is in full operating condition. [Findings] The method was used to test lumped steel samples in the temperature range of 200~500 ℃, and the results show that the temperature under the standard algorithm still fluctuates and causes the emissivity to oscillate. The optimization algorithm has a significant smoothing effect on the noise and emissivity, and is sufficiently resistant even in the face of external environmental perturbations. [Conclusions] The results of the study can provide a reference for the accurate measurement of the temperature in the furnace.
Keywords: surface emissivity; carbon steel; radiative heat transfer; continuous measurement
0 引言
表面发射率是表征物质表面辐射能力的物理量。发射率越大,物体表面的热辐射越强烈,热量传递的速度也越快,因此,表面发射率是一项重要的热物性参数,在很多领域发挥着重要的作用。例如,在红外遥感技术中,通过测量物体表面的发射率可以推断其温度和热辐射性质[1-2];在国防军事领域,发射率被应用于雷达和红外探测器中,可以用来进行目标检测和跟踪[3-4],以及对隐身涂层进行性能评估[5];在工业生产领域,发射率被应用于辐射测温中,可以实时非接触式探测工作现场温度变化[6-7]。因此,发射率的测定具有重要意义。
稳态量热法是一种常用的发射率测量方法。……
