鲁甘萍 唐晓静 边俊霞

【摘要】  目的  调查老年胃肠疾病患者身心衰弱的发生状况，并分析其相关影响因素，为临床护理干预提供循证依据。方法  选取某三级甲等医院3448例老年胃肠疾病患者作为调查对象，采用埃德蒙顿衰弱量表（Edmonton frail scale，EFS）进行调查。结果  3448例老年胃肠疾病患者，身体衰弱7.43±3.04分，心理衰弱18.60±6.72分，共有337例发生身心衰弱，发生率为9.77%。经单因素分析筛选，多元线性回归分析结果显示，年龄大、服用药物、压力程度大、缺乏运动习惯、睡眠差的老年胃肠疾病患者，身体衰弱得分较高，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。而压力程度大、医疗负担大、非低脂饮食、缺运动习惯的老年胃肠疾病患者，心理衰弱得分较高，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。結论  老年胃肠疾病患者身心衰弱发生率较高，年龄、服用药物、医疗负担、压力程度、运动习惯、睡眠质量、饮食习惯是影响老年胃肠疾病患者身心衰弱的因素。

【关键词】  胃肠疾病；衰弱；老年人；影响因素分析

中图分类号  R57    文献标识码  A    文章编号  1671-0223（2023）09--06

Physical and mental weakness in elderly patients with gastrointestinal diseases and influencing factors Lu Ganping， Tang Xiaojing， Bian Junxia. School of Nursing， North China University of  Science and Technology， Tangshan 063210， China

【Abstract】  Objective  To investigate the occurrence of physical and mental weakness in elderly patients with gastrointestinal diseases， and to analyze the related factors， so as to provide evidence-based evidence for clinical nursing intervention. Methods   A total of 3448 elderly patients with gastrointestinal diseases in a tertiary A hospital were selected as the subjects for investigation using the Edmonton frailty scale （EFS）. Results  There were 3448 elderly patients with gastrointestinal diseases， with physical weakness of 7.43 ± 3.04 points and psychological weakness of 18.60 ± 6.72 points. A total of 337 patients had physical and mental weakness， with an incidence of 9.77%. After single factor analysis and screening， multiple linear regression analysis showed that elderly patients with gastrointestinal diseases who were older， took drugs， had high levels of stress， lacked exercise habits， and had poor sleep had higher physical weakness scores， with a statistically significant difference （P<0.05）. The elderly patients with gastrointestinal diseases who have high levels of stress， heavy medical burden， non low fat diet， and lack of exercise habits had higher scores of psychological weakness， with a statistically significant difference （P<0.05）. Conclusion  The incidence of physical and mental weakness in elderly patients with gastrointestinal diseases is high. Age， medication use， medical burden， stress level， exercise habits， sleep quality， and dietary habits are factors that affect physical and mental weakness in elderly patients with gastrointestinal diseases.

【Key words】   Gastrointestinal diseases; Weak; The elderly; Analysis of influencing factors

衰弱是指老年人生理储备下降或多种功能异常致使机体易损性增加、抗应激能力减退的非特异性状态，其发生发展是一个动态的过程[1]。在临床医学中，衰弱症状普遍存在，在世界各地的老年人中，身体衰弱的流行率正在急剧增加，衰弱使一个人面临许多不利健康后果的风险增加，包括行动不便、跌倒、住院和死亡率[2]。有研究表明，衰弱与慢性胃肠疾病有密切关系[3]，多种因素都会导致罹患胃肠疾病患者身心衰弱情况加重。……