吴清 莫秀梅 陈达灿 晏烽根

摘要 湿，属六气之一。湿证是指具有湿之特性的各种不同证候。近年来，湿证是中医证候研究的热点和重点具有重要的科学研究价值，证候的构建是中医与现代医学的桥梁和纽带。构建能客观体现及反映湿证的动物模型是进一步开展临床和基础研究的立足点。目前，已有很多的中医湿证实验室研究报道，尤其在各种中医湿证动物模型的构建及相关指标的检测。现对中医湿证的理论源流、湿证动物模型分类及湿证模型检测指标及意义的研究进展进行探讨，为中医湿证动物模型的建立及优化研究提供参考及启示，以期为湿证动物模型的构建及湿证生物学机制研究提供思路。

关键词 中医;湿证;湿证动物;动物模型

Animal Models of Dampness Syndrome in Traditional Chinese Medicine：A Review

WU Qing，MO Xiumei，CHEN Dacan，YAN Fenggen

（Team of Atopic Dermatitis Clinical and Basic Science Research，State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine，The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine，Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine，Guangzhou 510120，China）

Abstract Dampness is one of the six climatic factors（wind，cold，heat，dampness，dryness and fire） which are pathogenic factors.Dampness syndrome is directly caused by dampness accumulation in the body.In recent years，the syndrome has been the hot spot and focus of research on traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） syndromes.Syndrome development serves as a bridge between TCM and modern medicine.It is the foundation for further clinical and basic research to develop animal models that can objectively reflect dampness syndrome.At the moment，there has been an explosion of research on dampness syndrome，especially the animal modeling and the detection of related indicators.This article aims to summarize the theories on dampness syndrome，classification of related animal models，and evaluation indicators and significance of the models，which is expected to serve as a reference for the modeling of dampness syndrome，optimization of related models，and study of the biological mechanism of the syndrome.

Keywords Traditional Chinese medicine; Dampness syndrome; Animals of dampness syndrome; Animal models

中图分类号：R228文献标识码：Adoi：10.3969/j.issn.1673-7202.2022.08.026

湿证的产生，可以外来也可内生。外来因素包括居住卑湿及雾露雨湿等，内生因素包括多食生冷及酒酪之品。不论内湿及外湿，皆是脾气虚弱以后，湿邪乘虚而入所致。湿邪作为重要的致病因素，历代医家对其致病机制的理解亦逐步加深。目前现存最早关于湿邪致病的记载可追溯到战国时期的医籍《五十二病方》，其婴儿索痉篇中载有“索痉者，如产时居湿地久”表明生产时感受湿邪可致索痉病。《黄帝内经》进一步丰富了对湿邪致病的认识，其中《素问生气通天论篇第三》载“因于湿，首如裹”湿证之治疗，《时病论》中倪松亭云：治湿之道非一，当细察而药之。湿在皮肤常见病证为脾虚湿蕴，脾虚湿蕴证即饮食不节或禀赋不耐，蕴于肌肤所表现出来的皮损，大便稀溏，舌淡，苔白，脉细滑一类病证，本病证见于蛇串疮、婴儿湿疹/特应性湿疹、黧黑斑、湿疮。……