李荣德 段锐 刘志达 于海峰 云晓鹏 乔永成 张键 杜磊 赵君 张之为

摘要 向日葵列當是一种寄生性杂草，严重危害向日葵产业的发展。为有效鉴定向日葵登记品种列当抗性、加快优良品种推广应用，本研究选取国内具有代表性的36个食用向日葵登记品种，在内蒙古向日葵主产区乌拉特前旗芦管壕村和四子王旗高油房村进行了品种列当抗性田间鉴定。结果表明，乌拉特前旗芦管壕村试验点列当生理小种为F小种，‘同欣2号‘诚牌C93等20份品种在该点表现为免疫水平;‘三瑞3号‘天葵16等11份品种呈现出高抗水平;其余5份品种田间表现为易感或者高感水平。四子王旗高油房村试验点列当生理小种为G小种，‘同欣2号‘圣地壹号等14份品种在该点表现为免疫;‘诚牌C93‘三瑞3号等16份品种表现为高抗;‘龙食葵5号表现为中抗;其余5份品种表现为易感或者高感。其中，在两个地区均表现为免疫的品种共有13份，分别是‘同欣2号‘圣地壹号‘龙葵27‘圣地777‘启源6号‘JR5511‘益民931‘益民303‘益民966‘益民969‘金谷葵33‘S2009‘新农101;呈现高抗列当的品种有9份，分别是‘三瑞3号‘天葵16‘正博鼎盛‘双星6号‘中食葵90‘益民968‘诚牌K7‘诚牌K9‘三瑞11号。这些品种对列当抗性好，在我国向日葵主产区具有较好的市场推广前景。

关键词 向日葵;登记品种;列当;田间鉴定;抗性水平

中图分类号： S435.655

文献标识码： A

DOI： 10.16688/j.zwbh.2021185

Abstract Orobanche is a kind of parasitic weed， seriously endangering the development of sunflower industry. In order to effectively identify the resistance of registered sunflower varieties to Orobanche cumana and speed up the popularization and application of excellent varieties， 36 domestic representative registered varieties of edible sunflower were selected， and identified the resistance to O.cumana in Luguanhao village of Wulateqianqi and Gaoyoufang village of Siziwangqi in the main sunflower producing areas of Inner Mongolia. The results showed that physiological species F was in Luguanhao village of Wulatqianqi. Among them， 20 varieties such as ‘Tongxin 2 and ‘Chengpai C93 showed immune level， 11 varieties such as ‘Sanrui 3 and ‘Tiankui 16 showed high resistance level and the other five varieties showed susceptible or highly susceptible in the field. The physiological species G was in Gaoyoufang village of Siziwangqi， of which 14 varieties such as ‘Tongxin 2 and ‘Shengdiyihao were immune， 16 varieties such as ‘Chengpai C93 and ‘Sanrui 3 were highly resistant， ‘Longshikui 5 was moderately resistant， and the other five varieties were susceptible or highly susceptible. Among them， 13 varieties showed immunity in both regions， including ‘Tongxin 2 ‘Shengdiyihao ‘Longkui 27 ‘Shengdi 777 ‘Qiyuan 6 ‘JR5511 ‘Yimin 931 ‘Yimin 303 ‘Yimin 966 ‘Yimin 969 ‘Jingukui 33 ‘S2009 and ‘Xinnong 101， and nine varieties showed high resistance to Orobanche cumana， including ‘Sanrui 3 ‘Tiankui 16 ‘Zhengbodingsheng ‘Shuangxing 6 ‘Zhongshikui 90 ‘Yimin 968 ‘Chengpai K7 ‘Chengpai K9 and ‘Sanrui 11. These varieties have good resistance and have good market prospects in the main sunflower producing areas in China.

Key words sunflower;registered variety;Orobanche cumana;field identification;resistance level9EE54855-C8F1-4545-A4DE-11DE437ACD47

向日葵列当Orobanche cumana Wallr.是一种一年生寄生性草本植物，植株缺少根系，叶片退化，不能自主进行光合作用，只能从寄主的根部吸取养分和水分而生存[1-2]。……