仲彩萍 孙新荣

摘要 为明确3种复合型种衣剂对党参种苗根腐病的防治效果和经济效益，以‘渭党1号为试材，采用田间小区试验，研究18%噻灵·咯·精甲FSC、8%氟环·咯菌腈FSC和62.5 g/L精甲·咯菌腈FSC对党参种苗根腐病、产苗量及等级的影响，分析其防治党参种苗根腐病的效果及经济效益，以期筛选出最佳种衣剂。结果表明，党参种苗根腐病中慢性黄腐型发病率明显高于急性青枯型，发病率分别为5.94%～29.98%、2.04%～4.69%。3种种衣剂对党参种苗根腐病防效分别为80.52%、58.27%、69.79%，以18%噻灵·咯·精甲FSC包衣处理防治党参种苗根腐病效果最佳。3种种衣剂处理对党参种苗根长、根粗、单根鲜重分别较对照增加22.20%～42.67%、30.87%～58.14%、15.89%～48.60%，明显提高了党参种苗产苗量和等级，以18%噻灵·咯·精甲FSC包衣处理效果最好，增产高达6 156.08 kg/hm2，经济效益为36 936.50元/hm2，投入产出比为1∶123.12，具有推廣应用价值。

关键词 党参;种苗;种衣剂;根腐病;防治效果;经济效益

中图分类号： S435.67

文献标识码： B

DOI： 10.16688/j.zwbh.2021235

Abstract In order to determine the control effects and economic benefits of three kinds of seed coating formulations on the root rot of Codonopsis pilosula seedlings， the effects of thiabendazole·fludioxonil·metalaxyl-M 18% FSC， sedaxane·fludioxonil 8% FSC， metalaxyl-M·fludioxonil 62.5 g/L FSC on the root rot， seedling yield， seedling grades were investigated， the control effects on root rot were analyzed to screen out the best seed coating formulation in field experiment with ‘Weidang 1 as the test material. Results showed that disease incidence of chronic yellow rot was significantly higher than acute green withered rot， with the incidence of 5.94%-29.98% and 2.04%-4.69%， respectively. The control efficacies of three kinds of seed coating formulations on the root rot of C.pilosula seedlings were 80.52%， 58.27% and 69.79%， respectively， and thiabendazole·fludioxonil·metalaxyl-M 18% FSC had the best control effect. After being treated with seed coating formulations， the root length， root diameter， root weight of C.pilosula seedlings were increased by 22.20%-42.67%， 30.87%-58.14% and 15.89%-48.60% compared with the control， respectively. Thiabendazole·fludioxonil·metalaxyl-M 18% FSC had the best effect on increasing seedling yield and seedling grades， with the increased production of 6 156.08 kg/hm2， economic benefits of 36 936.5 yuan/hm2and the input-output ratio of 1∶123.12.

Key words Codonopsis pilosula;seedling;seed coating formulation;root rot;control effect;economic benefit

党参为桔梗科植物党参Codonopsis pilosula，素花党参C.pilosula var. modesta或川党参C.tangshen的干燥根，为常用大宗药材。甘肃省定西市是全国党参药材的主要产区，产量居于全国前列，种植面积约1.7万 hm2[1]，渭源县有“中国党参之乡”之称，所产党参以“条直、体胖、色白、质好”而著称。近年来，随着种植年限增加，导致土壤连作障碍严重。调查表明，大田党参根腐病发病率为15%～70%，减产幅度为10%～60%，是党参最严重的病害之一[2]。如何进一步提升党参品质，实现化肥农药减量增效，是保障党参产业可持续发展的关键。定西地区的党参须在育苗后进行移栽，种苗的质量优劣直接影响到党参药材的产量和质量。……