李志明 王芬 王爱丽 胡凯文 范毅南 王玥慧 张燕娜

摘要 癌性疼痛是恶性肿瘤常见的临床症状，好发于癌症各期，尤以中晚期的发生率最高且最难控制。现代医学以三阶梯止痛药物为主要治疗方法，但其难以避免的不良反应造成临床应用存在一定局限性。近年来，中医外治法以“不良反应小、疗效佳”的优势受到医务工作者的青睐;挖掘中医宝库，寻求癌性疼痛的中医外科防治方法将具有意义。因此，本研究拟以肺癌的癌性疼痛为例，复习当前有关中药外敷疗法治疗肺癌癌痛的相关文献，从临床研究与基础研究2方面出发，进行综合论述，以探讨中药外敷疗法治疗肺癌癌痛的疗效及规律，供临床参考学习。

关键词 中医药;外敷疗法;癌性疼痛;肺癌;临床研究;基础研究;综述

Clinical and Basic Research Progress in External Application of Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Lung Cancer Pain

LI Zhiming1，WANG Fen2，WANG Aili3，HU Kaiwen2，FAN Yinan4，WANG Yuehui1，ZHANG Yanna1

（1 Beijing University of Chinese Medicine，Beijing 100029，China; 2 Dongfang Hospital，Beijing University of Chinese Medicine，Beijing 100078，China; 3 Third Affiliated Hospital，Beijing University of Chinese Medicine，Beijing 100029，China; 4 Emergency Medical Center，Beijing Chaoyang Integrative Medicine，Beijing 100022，China）

Abstract Pain occurs at each stage of malignant tumor，particularly the middle and advanced stage.The three-step analgesic ladder is the main solution in modern medicine，but the adverse reactions limit its application in clinical settings.In recent years，the external application of Chinese medicine is favored by medical workers owing to the little adverse reactions and ideal efficacy.It is of great significance to explore the treasure house of traditional Chinese medicine and seek the surgical prevention and treatment of cancer pain.Therefore，this paper summarized the clinical and basic studies on the treatment of lung cancer pain with external application of Chinese medicine and discussed the efficacy and regularity of external application of Chinese medicine in the treatment of lung cancer pain，which was expected to serve as a reference for clinical practice.

Keywords Traditional Chinese medicine; External application; Cancer pain; Lung cancer; Clinical research; Fundamental research; A review

中圖分类号：R242文献标识码：Adoi：10.3969/j.issn.1673-7202.2022.08.021

癌性疼痛，简称癌痛，是指由肿瘤组织压迫、肿瘤相关性疾病以及抗肿瘤治疗措施所引起的疼痛，为中晚期癌症患者最常见且最难控制的并发症[1]。统计数据显示，新发的癌症病例中，约40%会伴发中度疼痛;约50%在抗肿瘤治疗中出现不同程度的疼痛;癌症进展至晚期，约90%患者经历疼痛，其中25%～30%会出现重度疼痛[2-3]。癌痛的出现，给患者带来极大的痛苦，在心理方面使患者对治疗丧失信心，产生恐惧感、绝望感，在生理方面则引发多器官多系统的不良应激反应，如代谢、免疫、内分泌等方面的异常;这不仅不利于患者的康复，还会干扰抗肿瘤的正常治疗，造成病情的进展与恶化。……