车琳 蒋沁宏 王也 李春广 闫硕

摘要 为掌握我国水稻各产区害虫的发生形势和防控现状，为分区域治理提供科学依据，本文分析了11年来水稻五大产区（华中稻区、西南稻区、华南稻区、东北稻区和华北稻区）的二化螟、三化螟、稻纵卷叶螟、褐飞虱、白背飞虱和灰飞虱的发生及防控情况，并进行了差异比较分析。结果显示：二化螟、稻纵卷叶螟、褐飞虱和白背飞虱是我国水稻的主要害虫。五大产区的害虫发生情况不同，二化螟在东北稻区、西南稻区和华北稻区整体发生较重;“两迁”害虫（稻纵卷叶螟和稻飞虱）在华中稻区、华南稻区和西南稻区发生较重。水稻病虫害防控主要通过化学防治，应进一步提升物理防治和生物防治比重，推进水稻绿色防控技术的普及应用。

关键词 水稻虫害;二化螟;“两迁”害虫;水稻主产区;植保统计

中图分类号： S435.11

文献标识码： A

DOI： 10.16688/j.zwbh.2021110

Abstract In order to understand the occurrence and control situation of rice pests and provide scientific evidences for pest management in different rice producing regions in China， we analyzed and compared the occurrence and control situation of Chilo suppressalis， Tryporyza incertulas， Cnaphalocrocis medinalis， Nilaparvata lugens， Sogatella furcifera and Laodelphax striatellus in five rice producing regions （Central China region， South China region， Southwest China region， Northeast China region， North China region） during 11 years. The results revealed that C.suppressalis， C.medinalis， N.lugens and S.furcifera were major rice pests in China. The pest distribution was different among various rice producing regions. The occurrence of C.suppressalis was more serious in the northeast， southwest and north China regions. The C.medinalis and L.striatellus occurred more seriously in the central， southern and southwest China regions. The control of diseases and pests was mainly based on the chemical control. The physical control and biological control measures should be further used to promote the application of green pest management.

Key words rice insect pest;rice stem borer;migratory pest;major rice producing region;national plant protection statistics

水稻是世界上最重要的糧食作物，也是我国主要的口粮作物，在国民生产中占有极其重要的地位，其稳产、增产对保障国家粮食安全具有重要意义[1]。由于我国自然气候环境和社会经济形势变化，我国水稻产区也发生了地理位移。根据我国气候条件、水稻品种布局和种植制度可将我国水稻产区划分为华中稻区、华南稻区、西南稻区、东北稻区、华北稻区和西北稻区[2]。近年来，虽然我国水稻播种面积整体呈逐年下降趋势，但水稻产量却因栽培管理水平的提升而有所提高。总体来说，我国水稻病……