冯行利 曹婷婷 杨凤丽 吴慧明 饶琼 郑永利

摘要 草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda是近年入侵我国的重大迁飞性害虫。本研究通过解剖观察不同日龄和交配状态的草地贪夜蛾雄蛾内生殖系统，确定其内含物分级标准，并以此为依据分析性诱剂田间诱捕雄蛾的交配状态。结果表明草地贪夜蛾精巢体积随日龄增加而减小，發育后期已交配的精巢皱缩扁平，日龄对未交配雄蛾单射精管非角质化区（PS）末端内含物无显著影响。根据PS末端内含物的颜色和紧密程度将雄蛾交配状态分为5级（Ⅰ～Ⅴ级）。未交配雄蛾PS末端内含物为褐色且均匀（Ⅴ级），交配后0 h呈透明（Ⅰ级），之后内含物会逐渐回填（Ⅱ～Ⅳ）。田间诱捕雄蛾共921头，其中647头已交配（Ⅰ～Ⅳ级）。不同性诱剂诱捕雄蛾的交配状态无显著差异。本研究结果为草地贪夜蛾的预测预报和性诱剂防控实际控害效果评价提供参考。

关键词 草地贪夜蛾;雄蛾;生殖结构;交配状态;精巢;性诱剂

中图分类号： S436.3

文献标识码： A

DOI： 10.16688/j.zwbh.2021118

Abstract The fall armyworm， Spodoptera frugiperda is an important invasive migratory pest in China. The internal reproductive system of male moths at different day-age and mating status were observed by dissection， and the classification standard was established. Male moths trapped by sex pheromone in field was dissected to analyze the mated status according to the classification standard above. The results showed that testis volume was decreased with the increase of day-age， and the mated testis became shrank and flattened in the later stage of development. But there was no change in the genital contents in primary segment （PS） of single ductus ejaculatorius with the increase of day-age. According to color and compactness of the genital contents in the end of PS， mated status were classified into five grades （Ⅰ-Ⅴ）. The genital contents of unmated male adults were brown or dark brown （grade Ⅴ）， with high uniformity. The genital contents were completely excreted and became transparent after mating （grade Ⅰ）， and then it began to backfill （grade Ⅱ to grade Ⅳ）. There were 921 male moths were trapped in the field by sex pheromone traps， among which the number of mated males （grade Ⅰ to grade Ⅳ） was 647 individuals. There were no significant differences in mated status of the male moth traped by different sex pheromone traps. This study provides a reference for the prediction of S.frugiperda and evaluation of the actual control effect of sex pheromone traps.

Key words Spodoptera frugiperda;male moth;reproductive structure;copulation status;testis;sex pheromone

草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda （J.E.Smith）， 又称“秋黏虫”（fall armyworm），属鳞翅目夜蛾科，具有较强的迁飞性、暴食性与繁殖能力，是我国重要入侵性害虫[1-3]。2020年全国各地加强了预警防控措施，但草地贪夜蛾发生量仍居高不下，给广大玉米种植者带来严重损失。目前草地贪夜蛾的防控主要依赖于化学防治，但化学药剂的大量使用使得草地贪夜蛾种群抗性风险增高，同时给环境安全和人类健康带来隐患。昆虫性诱剂因其无污染，对环境友好等特点，在害虫预测预报和防治中得到广泛应用，可通过田间诱捕量来判断其诱捕效果，此外性诱剂诱捕雄蛾的交配率也是评判其防治效果的重要参数[4]，田间诱集到未交配雄蛾，可有效降低雌蛾交配率，从而降低下一代发生虫量[5-6]。……