丛胜波 许冬 杨妮娜 王玲 王金涛 刘卫国 万鹏

摘要 本文采用培养皿叶盘法和烘干法研究了常规棉‘Daiza 24C、单价抗虫棉‘GK19和复合性状转基因抗虫棉‘Daiza 24 对斜纹夜蛾幼虫选择、取食及营养代谢的影响。结果表明，在非选择性条件下，虽然有较多的斜纹夜蛾1龄和3龄幼虫在‘Daiza 24叶片上停留，但对其的取食量均显著低于‘Daiza 24C和‘GK19，表现出明显的拒食现象。在可选择条件下，取食‘Daiza 24的1龄和3龄幼虫比例均随时间延长呈逐渐下降趋势，对‘Daiza 24叶片表现出显著忌避行为，趋向于取食‘Daiza 24C和‘GK19。‘Daiza 24对斜纹夜蛾3龄幼虫的相对生长率、相对取食量、食物利用率、食物转化率、近似消化率均存在显著影响，而对5龄幼虫，取食‘Daiza 24的幼虫除相对生长率和相对取食量显著低于取食‘Daiza 24C‘GK19的幼虫外，其他营养指标在取食不同品种间差异均不显著。以上研究结果表明，斜纹夜蛾1龄和3龄幼虫对‘Daiza 24表现出显著的拒食和忌避行为，‘Daiza 24对斜纹夜蛾低龄幼虫的营养代谢存在显著影响，但对高龄幼虫营养代谢的影响较弱。

关键词 复合性状转基因棉花;斜纹夜蛾;取食行为;营养代谢

中图分类号： S435.622

文献标识码： A

DOI： 10.16688/j.zwbh.2021236

Abstract The effects of conventional cotton ‘Daiza 24C， transgenic cotton ‘GK19 and stacked genetically modified cotton ‘Daiza 24 on feeding， host-selection behavior and nutrient metabolism of Spodoptera litura larvae were studied by using petri dish method and oven drying method. The results of non-choice experiments showed that although there were more 1st- and 3rd-instar larvae of S.litura stayed on the leaves of ‘Daiza 24， but their food intake was significantly lower than that of the larvae feeding on ‘Daiza 24C and ‘GK19， showing obvious antifeeding phenomenon. The choice experiments results demonstrated that the percentage of the 1st- and 3rd-instar larvae feeding on ‘Daiza 24 decreased gradually with the time， and the larvae tended to choose ‘Daiza 24C and ‘GK19. Feeding on ‘Daiza 24 had significant effects on the relative growth rate， relative food intake， food utilization efficiency， food conversion rate and approximate digestibility of the 3rd-instar larvae. However， there were no significant differences in other nutritional indexes among larvae feeding on three hosts for 5th-instar larvae， except for the relative growth rate and relative food intake. In summary the 1st- and 3rd-instar larvae of S.litura showed significant antifeeding and avoidance behaviors to ‘Daiza24. ‘ Daiza24 had significant effects on the nutrient metabolism of young larvae of S.litura， but weak effect on older larvae.

Key words stacked genetically modified cotton;Spodoptera litura;feeding behavior;nutrient metabolism

目前我國大面积商业化种植的转基因作物为棉花，20多年的种植使田间棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera、红铃虫Pectinophora gossypiella等靶标害虫得到了有效的控制，减少了化学农药的大量使用，已成为棉田害虫绿色生态防控中的一项重要措施[1-4]。然而相关研究表明，转Bt基因棉花的长期种植使田间靶标害虫在持续高压汰选下，对Bt杀虫蛋白产生了不同程度的抗性，同时斜纹夜蛾Spodoptera litura、盲蝽等非靶标害虫的为害呈逐渐加重趋势，成为当前急需探索和迫切解决的科学问题[5-8]。……