管维康 王小云 陆温 张志林 郑霞林

摘要 朱紅毛斑蛾Phauda flammans是一种寡食性害虫，仅取食小叶榕Ficus concinna和垂叶榕F.benjamina。花胸姬蜂Gotra octocinctus是其幼虫的优势寄生性天敌。研究朱红毛斑蛾及花胸姬蜂对朱红毛斑蛾为害小叶榕和垂叶榕后诱导产生的挥发物的触角电位及行为反应可为实施“推-拉”策略防控朱红毛斑蛾提供基础资料。基于气相色谱-质谱联用（gas chromatography-mass spectrum， GC-MS）和气相色谱-触角电位联用（gas chromatography-electroantennagraphic detection， GC-EAD），从受朱红毛斑蛾幼虫为害的小叶榕和垂叶榕虫害叶挥发物中筛选出对朱红毛斑蛾和花胸姬蜂雌雄成虫有电生理活性的物质，基于Y形嗅觉仪，测定朱红毛斑蛾和花胸姬蜂雌雄成虫对虫害叶挥发物成分的行为反应。结果表明，朱红毛斑蛾为害小叶榕和垂叶榕后，虫害叶中共分离出57种挥发物成分，其中，共有27种能引起朱红毛斑蛾雌雄虫的触角电位反应，在小叶榕和垂叶榕虫害叶片挥发物中同时存在的有11种。其中，两种榕树虫害叶特有的5种挥发物（β-月桂烯、β-罗勒烯、（-）-α-蒎烯、β-石竹烯和α-金合欢烯）均能引起花胸姬蜂雌雄成虫的触角电位反应。与健康叶挥发物混合物相比，受朱红毛斑蛾幼虫为害后释放的挥发物成分混合物对朱红毛斑蛾和花胸姬蜂雌雄成虫均具有更强的吸引作用。结果提示在生产上可使用朱红毛斑蛾为害后诱导的榕树挥发物成分混合物实施“推-拉”防控策略。

关键词 虫害诱导挥发物;朱红毛斑蛾;花胸姬蜂;触角电位;行为反应

中图分类号： S763.3

文献标识码： A

DOI： 10.16688/j.zwbh.2021115

Abstract Phauda flammans （Walker） （Lepidoptera： Phaudidae） is an oligophagous pest， which only feeds on Ficus concinna Miq. and F.benjamin L. Gotra octocinctus Ashmead is the dominant parasitoid of P.flammans larvae. Understanding the function of plant volatiles induced by P.flammans larvae from the two Ficus species can provide the basis for implementation of the “push-pull” control strategy against this moth. Gas chromatography-mass spectrum （GC-MS） and gas chromatography-electroantennographic detection （GC-EAD） were used to screen electrophysiological active substances from infested leaves of F.concinna and F.benjamina. Based on the Y olfactometer， the behavioral responses of male and female adults of P.flammans and G. octocinctus to plant volatiles from infested leaves were measured. A total of 57 compounds were isolated from F.concinna and F.benjamina leaves after damaged by P.flammans larvae. Male and female P.flammans exhibited electroantennographic responses to 27 compounds， of which 11 compounds were shared by F.concinna and F.benjamina. The five volatiles  （β-myrcene， β-ocimene， （-）-α-copaene， β-caryophyllene and α-farnesene）  specific to the leaves of two Ficus species damaged by P.flammans larvae could elicit electroantennographic response of male and female G. octocinctus. Compared with the volatile mixture from healthy Ficus leaves， the mixture from damaged leaves showed stronger attraction to both male and female adults of P.flammans and G. octocinctus. The results suggested that the volatile mixtures from damaged leaves of the two Ficus species have the potential for implementing the “push-pull” control strategy against P.flammans.

Key words herbivore-induced plant volatiles;Phauda flammans;Gotra octocinctus;electroantennogram;behavioral response

植物-植食性昆虫-天敌三者经过长期的协同进化，不仅形成了以能量流动为基础的食物链关系，还形成了以化学信息为基础的复杂的种间联系[1-2]。……