张巧媛

【摘 要】目的：分析产前尿潴留行无痛分娩产妇的个性化护理方法。方法：将我院无痛分娩的产前尿潴留患者作为观察对象，随机数字法分为两组，对照组采取常规护理，观察组采取个性化护理，对比产妇护理后的满意度、并发症及心理状态。结果：观察组患者护理满意度高于对照组（P<0.05）。观察组患者发生产后出血1例、产后尿潴留0例；对照组患者发生产后出血3例、产后尿潴留3例；观察组并发症发生率为2.5%，对照组产妇并发症发生率为15%，观察组并发症发生率高于对照组（P<0.05）。护理前，两组患者SAS及SDS评分均较高（P>0.05）；护理后，观察组SAS及SDS评分均低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：在无痛分明产前尿潴留产妇护理中，采取个性化护理有利于提升临床护理质量。

【关键词】无痛分娩；产前尿潴留；个性化护理

Personalized nursing analysis of painless childbirth

ZHANG Qiaoyuan

Fenyang hospital of Shanxi， Fenyang， Shanxi 032200， China

【Abstract】Objective： to analyze the individualized nursing methods of painless childbirth mothers with antenatal urinary retention. Methods： the patients with antenatal urinary retention in painless childbirth in our hospital were selected as the observation objects. The patients were randomly divided into two groups. The control group received routine nursing， while the observation group adopted individualized nursing. Results： the nursing satisfaction of patients in the observation group was higher than that in the control group（P<0.05）. The observation group had 1 cases of postpartum hemorrhage 0 cases of postpartum urinary retention. Control group 3 cases of postpartum hemorrhage and 3 cases of postpartum urinary retention. The complication rate was 2.5% in the observation group and 15% in the control group. The complication rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group（P<0.05）. Before nursing， the SAS and SDS scores of the two groups were higher （P>0.05）； After nursing， the SAS and SDS scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group（P<0.05）. Conclusion： individualized nursing is beneficial to improve the quality of clinical nursing in maternal care for painless and pre partum urinary retention.

【Key？Words】painless delivery； Prenatal urine retention ；Personalized nursing

尿潴留是圍产期常见并发症，该疾病的发生原因较为复杂，包括产妇腹内压增高及胎儿压迫等[1]。一般情况下，产前尿潴留可以在产后恢复，产前往往需要导尿缓解，避免长期尿潴留对产妇的生理功能产生影响。产妇在日常生活中也要做好阴部清洁，多喝水，避免发生尿路感染。在产前尿潴留管理过程中，临床常规护理管理模式是根据医嘱为产妇安插导尿管，对患者进行适当的指导。产前发生尿潴留的产妇容易发生负面心理，担心分娩结局，对此，在护理过程中应当为产妇采取个性化护理干预，从而改善产妇不良心理状态，提升临床护理工作质量。本研究将我院纳入的产妇作为观察对象，分不同护理方法对产前尿潴留患者的影响。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

将我院2020年1月至2021年7月纳入的产前尿潴留产妇80例作为观察对象，随机数字法对产妇进行分组，两组产妇各40例。年龄22岁～38岁，平均年龄（30.12±4.21）岁，初产妇48例、经产妇32例，孕周36周～41周，平均孕周在（38.31±4.21）周，产妇均选择无痛分娩，且发生产前尿潴留，两组产妇一般资料对比（P>0.05）。

1.2 方法

对照组：产妇采取常规护理方法干预，产妇入院后，已经确诊为产前尿潴留，护理人员对患者基本资料进行分析，为患者采取导尿操作，使产妇将尿液排出，在导尿后，叮嘱产妇清洗阴部，预防尿路感染。