何楠 赵胜杰 路绪强 朱红菊 刘文革

摘    要： 强黑6号是以MMD为母本、ZXB-2为父本杂交选育成的高番茄红素含量无籽西瓜新品种。该品种中晚熟，植株生长势强，易坐果，河南春季露地栽培全生育期110 d，果实发育期37 d左右;圆球形，纯黑皮，覆蜡粉，外形美观，瓜瓤鲜红色，皮厚1.2 cm左右，耐贮运;单瓜质量7～8 kg，667 m²产量4100 kg左右;番茄红素含量（w，后同）80 mg·kg-1，中心可溶性固形物含量12.0%，边部9.0%，果实剖面好，瓤质酥脆，白秕籽少、小，汁液多、口感风味好，品质优。适宜湖北省、河南省及相同生态区域春季露地栽培。2020年4月通过农业农村部非主要农作物品种登记。

关键词： 无籽西瓜; 新品种; 三倍体; 强黑6号; 番茄红素

中图分类号： S651 文献标志码： A 文章编号： 1673-2871（2021）11-104-04

A new triploid seedless watermelon variety Qianghei No. 6 with higher lycopene content

HE Nan， ZHAO Shengjie， LU Xuqiang， ZHU Hongju， LIU Wenge

（Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute， Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Zhengzhou 450009， Henan， China）

Abstract： Qianghei No. 6 is a new higher lycopene content triploid seedless watermelon variety developed by crossing tetraploid line MMD 4x as female parent and diploid line ZXB-2 as male parent. It’s a mid-late maturity variety. It has strong growth potential. It is easy to set fruit. The total growing period is about 110 days and the fruit development period is about 37 days in the early spring in Henan. The fruit is round shaped with dark rind and white wax powder. The flesh is dark red with small seed traces， fine texture， crisp and sweet. The rind is about 1.2 cm in thickness with good transportation. The average fruit weight is about 7-8 kg， the yield on 667 m2 is about 4100 kg. The center soluble solids content is 12% and 9.0% near rind. The lycopene content in the flesh is 80 mg·kg-1. It is suitable for protected cultivation in early spring in Hubei Province， Henan Province， and similar ecological region in China.

Key words：  Seedless watermelon; New variety; Triploid; Qianghei No. 6; Lycopene

1 育種目标

三倍体无籽西瓜具有多倍体和杂种优势，其具有抗病、耐湿、抗逆、无籽、优质、耐贮等特点，深受种植者和消费者喜欢。国家统计局数据显示，2018年我国西瓜种植面积为151.793万hm²，遍及全国20多个省市，河南省西瓜种植面积达25.108万hm²，种植面积居全国首位，其中无籽西瓜种植面积每年基本稳定在5.33万hm²左右[1-5]。无籽西瓜主产区一直以黑蜜2号、黑蜜5号、台湾新1号等品种作为主栽品种，品种单一、老化，随着人口老龄化增长和劳动力成本增加速度加快，无籽西瓜栽培面积逐年下降并且趋势明显。随着人们生活水平的日益提高，消费者对西瓜的品质和有益人体健康的要求也越来越高，功能性西瓜富含功能性成分有益人体健康，所以发展优质功能性西瓜是一种趋势。有研究表……