不同浸种和催芽处理对芹菜种子发芽的影响
2021-12-25殷武平袁祖华彭莹童辉杨晓贾晓玲
殷武平 袁祖华 彭莹 童辉 杨晓 贾晓玲



摘 要:为确定芹菜种子夏季萌发的最适条件,以津南实芹一号种子为试验材料,对比分析6种不同浸种和催芽处理对芹菜种子的发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、根长、下胚轴长等指标的影响。结果表明,T6处理(250 mg·L-1赤霉素溶液浸种、昼20 ℃补光、夜10 ℃催芽)效果最佳,芹菜种子发芽势78.33%、发芽率94.33%、发芽指数11.23,均极显著优于T1、T2、T4处理。变温(昼温20 ℃/夜温10 ℃)催芽显著优于高温及低温催芽;250 mg·L-1赤霉素溶液浸种和光照对芹菜种子萌芽作用不明显,适度光照可抑制芹菜幼苗徒长。
关键词:芹菜;温度;赤霉素;光照;种子萌发
中图分类号:S636.3 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1673-2871(2021)11-100-04
Effects of different seed soaking and germination treatments on the germination of celery seeds
YIN Wuping1,2, YUAN Zuhua1,2, PENG Ying1,2, TONG Hui1,2, YANG Xiao1,2, JIA Xiaoling3
(1. Hunan Province Vegetable Research Institute, Changsha 410125, Hunan, China; 2. Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, Hunan, China; 3. Hunan Center of Science and Technology Affairs, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China)
Abstract: In order to explore the optimum conditions for germination of celery seeds in summer, Jinnan Shiqin No. 1 was used as experimental material. The germination potential, germination rate, germination index, root length and hypocotyl length of the 6 different seed soaking and germination treatments were compared. The results showed that the treatment T6 (250 mg·L-1 gibberellin solution soaking, supplementing light at 20 ℃ during the day, and accelerating germination at 10 ℃ at night) had the best effect, and The germination potential of celery seeds was 78.33%, the germination rate was 94.33%, the germination index was 11.23 and various germination indexes were significantly better than the germination indicators of treatment T1、T2 and T4. Under the same conditions, temperature change (day 20 ℃/night 10 ℃) germination is significantly better than high temperature and low temperature germination; There no obvious effect on the germination of celery seeds with 250 mg·L-1 gibberellin solution soaking seeds and moderate light supplement. Supplementary light can inhibit the overgrowth of celery seedlings.
Key words: Celery; Temperature; GA3; Light; Seed germination
芹菜(Apium graveolens Linn.)是傘形科(Umbelliferae)芹属(Apium)中的栽培种,二年生草本植物[1]。芹菜含有丰富的矿物质、维生素和挥发性芳香油,具有特殊香味,有促进食欲的作用,同时芹菜对高血压、糖尿病等有一定的保健食疗作用,中国南、北方都广泛种植,在叶类蔬菜中占有重要地位[2-3]。芹菜种子小,种子为双悬果,常因其外皮革质化变坚硬,且有油腺,难以透水,发芽十分缓慢且不整齐[3],其发芽最适温度为15~20 ℃,温度低于4 ℃或高于25 ℃时发芽较难,夏季育苗更为困难,发芽率一般仅有50%~60%,影响田间成苗和植株产量[4]。有不少研究者为探索芹菜发芽最适条件做了大量的研究,张艳玲等[5]研究结果表明,10 ℃低温处理能提高夏播芹菜种子的发芽率、发芽势及发芽指数,最佳处理时间为8~10 d。饶贵珍等[6]以2种植物生长调节剂浸种的结果表明,100~400 mg·L-1赤霉素浸种能极显著提高芹菜种子的发芽率、发芽势,其中250 mg·L-1的浸种效果最好。……
