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星刺卫矛的化学成分研究

2021-12-18刘淑萍季泓源张建英张慧颖李亶烨左爱学

广西植物 2021年11期
关键词:化学成分

刘淑萍 季泓源 张建英 张慧颖 李亶烨 左爱学

摘 要:  为探究卫矛科卫矛属植物星刺卫矛(Euonymus actinocarpus)的化学成分,该文采用正相硅胶、Sephadex LH-20和半制备液相HPLC等色谱技术对其进行分离和纯化。结果表明:(1)从星刺卫矛地上部分95%乙醇提取物中分离得到10个化合物,根据其理化常数和波谱(ESI-MS、1H-NMR、13C-NMR)数据鉴定化合物结构为羽扇豆醇(1),蒲公英萜醇(2),表木栓醇(3),槐二醇(4),蒲公英萜酮(5),高粱醇(6),羽扇豆醇乙酸酯(7),木栓酮(8),β-谷甾醇(9),胡萝卜苷(10)。(2)所有化合物均为首次从星刺卫矛中分离得到。(3)星刺卫矛地上部分主要含有三萜和甾体类成分,其中三萜类型以木栓烷型、齐墩果烷型和羽扇豆烷型骨架为主。该研究结果增加了对星刺卫矛物质基础的认识,为开发和利用卫矛属植物资源提供了一定的科学依据。

关键词: 卫矛属, 星刺卫矛, 化学成分, 三萜

中图分类号:  Q946

文献标识码:  A

文章编号:  1000-3142(2021)11-1868-07

Chemical constituents of Euonymus actinocarpus

LIU Shuping1, JI Hongyuan1, ZHANG Jianying2, ZHANG Huiying3,  LI Danye1, ZUO Aixue1*

( 1. College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming  650500, China; 2. Basic Medical School, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500,  China; 3. Department of Pharmacy,  Qujing Medical College,  Qujing 655000,  Yunnan, China )

Abstract:  To investigate the chemical constituents of  Euonymus actinocarpus in genus Euonymus of family Celastraceae, column chromatography on silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and semi-preparative liquid chromatography were applied for the isolation and purification of the constituents. The structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral analysis and by comparison the data in literature. The results were as follows: (1) Ten compounds were isolated from the 95%EtOH extract of aerial part of E. actinocarpus, and their structures were identified as lupeol (1), taraxerol (2), epifriedelinol (3), sophoradiol (4), taraxerone(5), sorghumol (6), lupeol acetate (7), friedelin (8), β-sitosterol (9), daucosterol (10), respectively. (2) All isolated compounds 1-10 were reported from E. actinocarpus for the first time. (3) The aerial part of E. actinocarpus mainly contained triterpenoids and steroids, furthermore, the triterpenoids mainly involved pedunane, oleanane and lupanane type skeletons. The results increase the understanding of the material basis of E. actinocarpus, and provide a certain scientific basis for the development and utilization of Euonymus plant resources.

Key words: Euonymus, Euonymus actinocarpus, chemical constituents, triperpenoids

衛矛科植物品种多,资源丰富,全世界约有60属,850种,主要分布于热带、亚热带地区,我国是其主产区,分布有111种,10个变种,4个变型(常章富等,1996)。卫矛科卫矛属植物是一类重要的天然药用资源,在我国民间有着悠久的药用历史。早在《本草纲目》中就有把卫矛属植物鬼箭羽(卫矛)作为药物使用的记载。民间常把鬼箭羽枝叶用于治疗糖尿病(巴寅颖等,2012a)。近年从卫矛属植物中开发了治疗糖尿病和肾病的药物黄芪卫矛合剂(张丽芬等,2014)、抗衰老药物复方扶芳藤合剂(又名百年乐)(张颖和周倍,2013)以及治疗癌症的卫矛醇(陶瑞芳和林宝爵,1985)等疗效确切的药物。……

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