付亿 田秋明

【摘 要】目的：探究686例上呼吸道感染（URTI）患儿中成药使用情况，以期为本院内儿科中成药规范使用提供参考。方法：收集儿科门诊收治且开具中成药处方的686例 URTI患儿临床资料为对象。统计患儿年龄、性别、用药剂型、频率等。结果：开具处方中所用中成药共75种，药物剂型较多，以颗粒剂和口服液为主；处方中使用频率前8位的中成药均为口服液和颗粒剂。不同年龄段患儿所开具处方中单用药为71%，三种药物连用仅1.5%。不同年龄段患儿中成药联用情况间差异具有统計学意义（P<0.05）。1岁～6岁患儿两药联用占比显著高于<1岁患儿（P<0.05），4岁～6岁患儿三药联用占比显著高于1岁～3岁（P<0.05）。结论：本院儿科URTI治疗用中成药种类和剂型开具符合儿童用药特点，用药基本合理。

【关键词】上呼吸道感染；儿科；中成药

Analysis on the Use of Chinese Patent Medicine in 686 Children with Upper Respiratory Tract Infection

Fu Yi 1 Tian Qiuming2（Corresponding author） 1.Department of Pharmacy， Childrens Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University， Chongqing 400700， China；

2.Department of Pharmacy，First Peoples Hospital of Yichang， Hubei Yichang， 443000， China

【Abstract】Objective： To investigate the use of Chinese patent medicines in 686 children with upper respiratory tract infection （URTI）， in order to provide a reference for the standardized use of Chinese patent medicines in pediatrics in this hospital.Methods：The clinical data of 686 cases with URTI who were admitted to the pediatric clinic and prescribed Chinese patent medicines were collected as the research objects. The age， gender， dosage from and frequency of children were counted .Results：There were a total of 75 kinds of Chinese patent medicines used in the prescription， and there were many pharmaceutical dosage forms， mainly granules and oral liquid ； the top 8 Chinese patent medicines in the prescription were oral liquid and granules.Prescriptions for children of different ages were mainly single-drugs （71.0%）， and the combination of three drugs was 1.5%.There was a significant difference in the combination of Chinese patent medicines in children of different ages（P<0.05）. The proportion of two-drug combination used in children aged 1 to 6 was higher than that in children less than 1 year old （P<0.05）， and the proportion of combined use of three drugs in children aged 4 to 6 years was higher than that of children aged 1 to 3 years （P<0.05）. Conclusion：The types and dosage forms of Chinese patent medicines used in the treatment of pediatric URTI in our hospital are in line with the characteristics of childrens medications， and is basically reasonable.

【Key？Words】Upper respiratory tract infection； Pediatrics； Chinese patent medicine

中成药是治疗小儿上呼吸道感染（URTI）的主要药物类型。为提高本地区URTI患儿中成药的规范合理应用，本研究就686例儿科门诊URTI患儿中成药用药情况进行了回顾性分析，现将分析结果总结如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 研究对象

以2020年10月至2021年4月本院儿科门诊确诊为URTI且被开具中成药处方的686例患儿为对象。纳入标准：年龄≤13岁；病程<7d；非过敏体质；临床资料完整。

1.2 研究方法

统计分析患儿性别、年龄、处方中开具中成药剂型、常用药物使用频率、处方开具合理性等，处方开具合理性判断依据中医药理知识、《中成药临床应用指导原则》、药品说明书等进行。

1.3 统计学方法

采用SPSS 22.0统计学软件进行数据分析。计数资料采用（%）表示，进行χ2检验，计量资料采用（χ±s）表示，进行t检验，P<0.05为差异具有统计学意义。

2 结果

2.1 中成药剂型分析

处方中所用中成药共75种，药物剂型较多，其中以颗粒剂（42.6%）和口服液（41.3%）为主，见表1。

2.2 使用频率排列前8位的药品

频率前8位均为口服液和颗粒剂，见表2。……