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某附属儿童医院108例儿童用药不良反应报告分析

2021-12-13熊星杨会

婚育与健康 2021年21期
关键词:儿童

熊星 杨会

【摘 要】目的:探究某附属儿童医院用药不良反应(ADR)分布特点,以期为院内儿科临床用药提供参考。方法:收集2018年3月至2021年3月重庆医科大学附属儿童医院上报的108例儿童ADR报告资料,对报告中相关内容进行统计分类。结果:纳入病例报告性别分布占比相当,分别为男孩47.22%,女孩52.78%;年龄分布中以6月龄~3岁为主,占比68.52%,尤其是1岁~3岁占比最高(49.07%);用药以静脉滴注引发ADR占比最高,达72.22%;报告涉及药品种类繁多,主要以抗生素(40.74%)和抗感冒类药物(16例,14.81%)为主;主要累及器官组织为皮肤及软组织(41.67%)、消化系统(25.00%)、神经系统(14.81%)、全身系统(12.96%)。ADR发生后,经积极的减剂量、停药和对症处理后,痊愈66例(61.11%),好转35例(32.41%)。结论:某院需加强儿童用药安全管理,尤其加强抗生素类和抗感冒等常用药物不良反应监管,确保儿童用药安全。

【关键词】用药不良反应;儿童;用药监管

Analysis of 108 childrens adverse drug reaction reports in an affiliated childrens hospital

Xiong Xing1, Yang Hui2 1.Outpatient Pharmacy, Childrens Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 400000,China;

2.Chongqing high-tech Zone Peoples Hospital, Clinical Pharmacy Office,Chongqing 400052,China

【Abstract】Objective:To explore the distribution characteristics of adverse drug reactions (ADR) in an affiliated childrens hospital, in order to provide reference for pediatric clinical medication in the hospital.Methods:The ADR report data of 108 children reported from the Childrens Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from March 2018 to March 2021 were collected, and the relevant contents in the report were statistically classified.Results:The gender distribution of the included case reports was equivalent,47.22% for boys and 52.78% for girls; the age distribution was mainly 6 months to 3 years old, accounting for 68.52%, especially from 1years old to 3 years old (49.07%);the proportion of ADR induced by intravenous drip was the highest(72.22%);the report involved a wide range of drugs, mainly antibiotics (40.74%) and anti-cold drugs (16cases,14.81%); the main organs and tissues involved were skin and soft tissues (41.67%), digestive system (25.00,%), nervous system(14.81%), systemic system (12.96%).After the occurrence of ADR, 66 cases (61.11%)were recovered and 35 cases (32.41%)were improved after active dose reduction, drug withdrawal and symptomatic treatment.Conclusion: A hospital needs to strengthen the safety management of childrens medication, especially to strengthen the supervision of the adverse reactions of antibiotics and anti-cold drugs to ensure the safety of childrens medication.

【Key?Words】Adverse drug reactions; Children; Drug use supervision

用藥不良反应(ADR)是正常使用药物情况下所出现的与治疗目的无关的有害反应[1]。处于快速生长发育期的儿童神经系统、免疫系统等脏器组织发育尚未完全,加之儿童代谢和排泄作用较成人差,故对药品耐受性相对较差,更易出现ADR[2]。ADR发生不仅加重患儿不适,严重者甚至会威胁到患儿生命安全。出于安全考量,新型药品上市前的临床研究通常不会选择孕妇和儿童作为研究对象,导致临床缺乏该群体的ADR资料,临床用药缺乏数据支持。鉴于此,本研究对108例发生ADR患儿的ADR报告进行分析,以期为儿童安全科学用药提供依据。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

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