广州市立体绿化植物资源调查与应用现状分析
2021-12-06明丽红林嘉蓓奚如春
明丽红 林嘉蓓 奚如春



摘要:对广州市越秀、天河、荔湾和海珠4个区106个样点的立体绿化情况进行调查与统计分析,得到共有80个样点应用了立体绿化景观,立体绿化应用率为75.47%,其中天河区的应用率最高,为88.46%,荔湾区的应用率最低,为66.67%。应用植物种类共42科72属86种,包括草本植物45种,木本植物24种,藤本植物17种,种数应用最多的科是天南星科和百合科,使用频率较高的种是鹅掌藤Heptapleurum arboricola、光叶子花Bougainvillea glabra、肾蕨Nephrolepis cordifolia、使君子Quisqualis indica和绿萝Epipremnum aureum等,植物种类应用较为集中、单一。立体绿化景观设计类型以棚架、桥体和墙面绿化为主,立柱和斜坡绿化较少;植物栽培形式主要有绿篱式、悬挂式、攀爬式、模块式等。
关键词:立体绿化;植物资源;广州市
中图分类号:S688
文献标志码:A
文章编号:1671-2641(2021)05-0081-05
收稿日期:2021-03-05
修回日期:2021-05-25
Abstract: By survey and statistical analysis on Yuexiu District, Tianhe District, Liwan District and Haizhu District in Guangzhou, there are 80 sites with vertical greening landscapes among the 106 sites, and the average rate of vertical greening application is 75.47%. Among them, Tianhe District has the highest application rate at 88.46%, and Liwan District has the lowest application rate at 66.67%. A total of 86 species of vertical greening plants from 72 genera, 42 families are uesd, including 45 herbs, 24 woody plants and 17 vines. The most commonly used families belong to Araceae and Liliaceae,and the most frequently used plants are Heptapleurum arboricola, Bougainvillea glabra, Nephrolepis auriculata, Quisqualis indica, Epipremnum aureum and so on. The application of plant species is relatively concentrated and single. In addition, pergola greening, bridge greening and wall greening are main vertical greening structure in Guangzhou, and column greening and slope greening are applied less. Plant cultivation forms mainly include hedge type, hanging type, climbing type, modular type and so on.
Key words: Vertical Greening; Plant Resources; Guangzhou
廣州市越秀、天河、荔湾、海珠4个区人口密度大,建筑集中,平面绿化面积难以增加。立体绿化景观能有效拓展城市绿化面积,丰富城市景观层次,弥补平面绿化中存在的土地资源匮乏的问题,且能有效改善城市局部小气候[1~3],创造可持续的节能效益[4~7],使得城市发展焕发更多的生机。
中国地域辽阔,且气候差异显著,植物种类分布情况差异大,个别地区对立体绿化的研究成果难以全国性推广,故针对地域性立体绿化植物材料的研究陆续开展[8]。研究人员针对海南、上海、杭州、南京、武汉、沈阳、衡水、广州等地的立体绿化植物进行调查与研究,筛选适合各地区的优良种类[9~18]。本文调查广州市越秀、天河、荔湾、海珠4个区的立体绿化植物资源,分析立体绿化景观应用现状,筛选出长势好、应用频率高、景观观赏效果好且观赏期久的植物种类,为广州及邻近区域城市立体绿化植物应用提供参考。……
